https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-10791-2
Regular Article - Experimental Physics
Separation of track- and shower-like energy deposits in ProtoDUNE-SP using a convolutional neural network
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Abilenexs Christian University, 79601, Abilene, TX, USA
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University of Albany, SUNY, 12222, Albany, NY, USA
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University of Amsterdam, 1098 XG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Antalya Bilim University, 07190, Döşemealtı/Antalya, Turkey
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University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
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Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá, Colombia
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Argonne National Laboratory, 60439, Argonne, IL, USA
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University of Arizona, 85721, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
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University of Athens, 157 84, Zografou, Greece
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Universidad del Atlántico, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
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Augustana University, 57197, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
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Banaras Hindu University, 221 005, Varanasi, India
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University of Basel, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
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University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
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Beykent University, Istanbul, Turkey
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University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, Birmingham, UK
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Università del Bologna, 40127, Bologna, Italy
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Boston University, 02215, Boston, MA, USA
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University of Bristol, BS8 1TL, Bristol, UK
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Brookhaven National Laboratory, 11973, Upton, NY, USA
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University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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University of California Berkeley, 94720, Berkeley, CA, USA
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University of California Davis, 95616, Davis, CA, USA
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University of California Irvine, 92697, Irvine, CA, USA
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University of California Los Angeles, 90095, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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University of California Riverside, 92521, Riverside, CA, USA
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University of California Santa Barbara, 93106, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
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California Institute of Technology, 91125, Pasadena, CA, USA
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University of Cambridge, CB3 0HE, Cambridge, UK
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Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Università di Catania, 2, 95131, Catania, Italy
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Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
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Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, 22290-180, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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CERN, The European Organization for Nuclear Research, 1211, Meyrin, Switzerland
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Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics of the Faculty of Mathematics and Physics of the Charles University, 180 00, Prague 8, Czech Republic
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University of Chicago, 60637, Chicago, IL, USA
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Chung-Ang University, 06974, Seoul, South Korea
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CIEMAT, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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University of Cincinnati, 45221, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
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Universidad de Colima, Colima, Mexico
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University of Colorado Boulder, 80309, Boulder, CO, USA
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Colorado State University, 80523, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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Columbia University, 10027, New York, NY, USA
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Centro de Tecnologia da Informacao Renato Archer, Amarais, CEP 13069-901, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Central University of South Bihar, 824236, Gaya, India
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Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 182 00, Prague 8, Czech Republic
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Czech Technical University, 115 19, Prague 1, Czech Republic
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Dakota State University, 57042, Madison, SD, USA
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University of Dallas, 75062-4736, Irving, TX, USA
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Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000, Annecy, France
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Daresbury Laboratory, WA4 4AD, Cheshire, UK
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Drexel University, 19104, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Duke University, 27708, Durham, NC, USA
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Durham University, DH1 3LE, Durham, UK
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University of Edinburgh, EH8 9YL, Edinburgh, UK
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Universidad EIA, Envigado, Antioquia, Colombia
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ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa-FCUL, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
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Universidade Federal de Alfenas, 37715-400, Poços de Caldas, MG, Brazil
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Universidade Federal de Goias, 74690-900, Goiania, GO, Brazil
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Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 13604-900, Araras, SP, Brazil
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Universidade Federal do ABC, 09210-580, Santo André, SP, Brazil
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Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-901, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, 60510, Batavia, IL, USA
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University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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University of Florida, 32611-8440, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Fluminense Federal University, 9 Icaraí, 24220-900, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
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Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
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University of Granada and CAFPE, 18002, Granada, Spain
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Gran Sasso Science Institute, L’Aquila, Italy
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Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, L’Aquila, AQ, Italy
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University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000, Grenoble, France
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Universidad de Guanajuato, C.P. 37000, Guanajuato, Mexico
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Harish-Chandra Research Institute, Jhunsi, 211 019, Allahabad, India
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Harvard University, 02138, Cambridge, MA, USA
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University of Hawaii, 96822, Honolulu, HI, USA
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University of Houston, 77204, Houston, TX, USA
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University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, 500 046, Hyderabad, India
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Idaho State University, 83209, Pocatello, ID, USA
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Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE)-Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
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Instituto de Física Corpuscular, CSIC and Universitat de València, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
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Instituto Galego de Fisica de Altas Enerxias, A Coruña, Spain
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Illinois Institute of Technology, 60616, Chicago, IL, USA
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Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, SW7 2BZ, London, UK
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Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781 039, Guwahati, India
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Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, 502285, Hyderabad, India
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Indiana University, 47405, Bloomington, IN, USA
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Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bologna, 40127, Bologna, Italy
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Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Catania, 95123, Catania, Italy
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Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Ferrara, 44122, Ferrara, Italy
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Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Genova, 16146, Genoa, Italy
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Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Lecce, 73100, Lecce, Italy
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Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano Bicocca, 3, 20126, Milan, Italy
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Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
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Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Napoli, 80126, Naples, Italy
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Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Padova, 35131, Padua, Italy
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Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
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Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, 95123, Catania, Italy
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Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, Lima 25, Peru
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Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117312, Moscow, Russia
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University of Insubria, Via Ravasi 2, 21100, Varese, Italy
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University of Iowa, 52242, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Iowa State University, 50011, Ames, IA, USA
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Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
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Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Instituto Superior Técnico-IST, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal
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Iwate University, 020-8551, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
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University of Jammu, 180006, Jammu, India
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Jawaharlal Nehru University, 110067, New Delhi, India
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Jeonbuk National University, 54896, Jeonrabuk-do, South Korea
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Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems, 6 Joliot-Curie, 141980, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
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University of Jyvaskyla, 40014, Jyvaskyla, Finland
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Kansas State University, 66506, Manhattan, KS, USA
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Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe, 277-8583, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
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High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 305-0801, Ibaraki, Japan
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Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, 34141, Daejeon, South Korea
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K L University, 522502, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
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National Institute of Technology, Kure College, 737-8506, Hiroshima, Japan
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Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 01601, Kyiv, Ukraine
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Lancaster University, LA1 4YB, Lancaster, UK
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Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 94720, Berkeley, CA, USA
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Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, 1649-003 Lisboa and 3004-516, Coimbra, Portugal
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University of Liverpool, L69 7ZE, Liverpool, UK
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Los Alamos National Laboratory, 87545, Los Alamos, NM, USA
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Louisiana State University, 70803, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
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University of Lucknow, 226007, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Madrid Autonoma University and IFT UAM/CSIC, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55122, Mainz, Germany
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University of Manchester, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 02139, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Max-Planck-Institut, 80805, Munich, Germany
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University of Medellín, 050026, Medellín, Colombia
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University of Michigan, 48109, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Michigan State University, 48824, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Università del Milano-Bicocca, 20126, Milan, Italy
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Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
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University of Minnesota Duluth, 55812, Duluth, MN, USA
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University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 55455, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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University of Mississippi University, 38677, University, MS, USA
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University of New Mexico, 87131, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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H. Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland
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Nikhef National Institute of Subatomic Physics, 1098 XG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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University of North Dakota, 58202-8357, Grand Forks, ND, USA
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Northern Illinois University, 60115, DeKalb, IL, USA
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Northwestern University, 60208, Evanston, IL, USA
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University of Notre Dame, 46556, Notre Dame, IN, USA
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Occidental College, 90041, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Ohio State University, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA
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Oregon State University, 97331, Corvallis, OR, USA
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National Centre for Nuclear Research, A. Soltana 7, 05 400, Otwock, Poland
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University of Oxford, OX1 3RH, Oxford, UK
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Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 99352, Richland, WA, USA
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Universtà degli Studi di Padova, 35131, Padua, Italy
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Panjab University, 160014, Chandigarh, UT, India
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Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405, Orsay, France
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Université de Paris, CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, 75006, Paris, France
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Università degli Studi di Parma, 43121, Parma, Italy
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Università degli Studi di Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
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University of Pennsylvania, 19104, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Pennsylvania State University, 16802, University Park, PA, USA
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Physical Research Laboratory, 380 009, Ahmedabad, India
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Università di Pisa, 56127, Pisa, Italy
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University of Pittsburgh, 15260, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Peru
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University of Puerto Rico, 00681, Mayaguez, PR, USA
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Punjab Agricultural University, 141004, Ludhiana, India
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Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
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Radboud University, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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University of Rochester, 14627, Rochester, NY, USA
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Royal Holloway College, TW20 0EX, London, UK
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Rutgers University, 08854, Piscataway, NJ, USA
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STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, OX11 0QX, Didcot, UK
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Università del Salento, 73100, Lecce, Italy
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San Jose State University, 95192-0106, San José, CA, USA
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Universidad Sergio Arboleda, 11022, Bogotá, Colombia
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University of Sheffield, S3 7RH, Sheffield, UK
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SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 94025, Menlo Park, CA, USA
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University of South Carolina, 29208, Columbia, SC, USA
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South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, 57701, Rapid City, SD, USA
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South Dakota State University, 57007, Brookings, SD, USA
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Southern Methodist University, 75275, Dallas, TX, USA
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Stony Brook University, SUNY, 11794, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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Sun Yat-Sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China
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Sanford Underground Research Facility, 57754, Lead, SD, USA
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University of Sussex, BN1 9RH, Brighton, UK
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Syracuse University, 13244, Syracuse, NY, USA
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Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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Texas A &M University, 77840, College Station, TX, USA
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Texas A &M University-Corpus Christi, 78412, Corpus Christi, TX, USA
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University of Texas at Arlington, 76019, Arlington, TX, USA
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University of Texas at Austin, 78712, Austin, TX, USA
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University of Toronto, M5S 1A1, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Tufts University, 02155, Medford, MA, USA
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Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 09913-030, São Paulo, Brazil
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Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 689-798, Ulsan, South Korea
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University College London, WC1E 6BT, London, UK
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Valley City State University, 58072, Valley City, ND, USA
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Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, 700 064, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Virginia Tech, 24060, Blacksburg, VA, USA
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University of Warsaw, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
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University of Warwick, CV4 7AL, Coventry, UK
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Wellesley College, 02481, Wellesley, MA, USA
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Wichita State University, 67260, Wichita, KS, USA
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College of William and Mary, 23187, Williamsburg, VA, USA
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University of Wisconsin Madison, 53706, Madison, WI, USA
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Yale University, 06520, New Haven, CT, USA
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Yerevan Institute for Theoretical Physics and Modeling, 0036, Yerevan, Armenia
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York University, M3J 1P3, Toronto, Canada
Received:
31
March
2022
Accepted:
12
September
2022
Published online:
12
October
2022
Liquid argon time projection chamber detector technology provides high spatial and calorimetric resolutions on the charged particles traversing liquid argon. As a result, the technology has been used in a number of recent neutrino experiments, and is the technology of choice for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). In order to perform high precision measurements of neutrinos in the detector, final state particles need to be effectively identified, and their energy accurately reconstructed. This article proposes an algorithm based on a convolutional neural network to perform the classification of energy deposits and reconstructed particles as track-like or arising from electromagnetic cascades. Results from testing the algorithm on experimental data from ProtoDUNE-SP, a prototype of the DUNE far detector, are presented. The network identifies track- and shower-like particles, as well as Michel electrons, with high efficiency. The performance of the algorithm is consistent between experimental data and simulation.
© The Author(s) 2022
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