https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14609-9
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Self-gravitating nonlinear Dirac fields
1
Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, 518000, Shenzhen, China
2
College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, 518060, Shenzhen, China
Received:
13
May
2025
Accepted:
2
August
2025
Published online:
13
August
2025
We consider the self-gravitating Dirac field with a scalar fermion self-interaction term. For strong enough attractive fermion self-interaction, the maximum Arnowitt–Deser–Misner mass of soliton solutions consisting of two fermions can exceed the limit of noninteracting Dirac stars classically, and the “particle-like” solutions of the system can exhibit multiplicity, multiple valid solutions for a single set of parameters, that is inherent in the nonlinear Dirac field. We also find the mass-scale separation in our system similar to that discussed in the Einstein–Dirac–Higgs system. Interestingly, the system admits parity-violated solutions. The broken parity symmetry can be restored by increasing the central redshift of the solution.
© The Author(s) 2025
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