https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14384-7
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Implications of cosmological perturbations of 
in STEGR
Department of Mathematics, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, 500078, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
a
pksahoo@hyderabad.bits-pilani.ac.in
Received:
24
April
2025
Accepted:
29
May
2025
Published online:
13
June
2025
In this work, the consequences of adding a term to the simplest functional form in f(Q) gravity have been investigated. At the background level, the model describes the cosmological evolution in such a way that the term is absent, although it appears at the perturbation level. To study the resultant effect, we constrain the model parameter with Planck 18 results and test the strength of the resulting gravitational interaction for different stages of cosmological evolution. Additionally, we compare our result with the big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) constraint on the Helium abundance.
© The Author(s) 2025
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