Study of stable dark energy stars in Hořava–Lifshitz gravity

Krishna Pada Das; Ujjal Debnath

doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14059-3

2024 Impact factor 4.8

Particles and Fields

Open Access

Eur. Phys. J. C (2025) 85: 329
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14059-3

Regular Article - Theoretical Physics

Study of stable dark energy stars in Hořava–Lifshitz gravity

Krishna Pada Das^a and Ujjal Debnath

Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, 711 103, Howrah, India

^a krishnapada0019@gmail.com

Received: 9 December 2024
Accepted: 12 March 2025
Published online: 21 March 2025

Abstract

We study the structure and basic physical properties of non-rotating dark energy stars in Hořava–Lifshitz (HL) gravity. The interior of proposed stellar structure is made of isotropic matter obeys extended Chaplygin gas EoS. The structure equations representing the state of hydrostatic equilibrium i.e., generalize TOV equation in HL gravity is numerically solved by using chosen realistic EoS. Next, we investigate the deviation of physical features of dark energy stars in HL gravity as compared with general relativity (GR). Such investigation is depicted by varying a parameter $ω$ $\omega$ , whereas for $ω \to \infty$ $\omega \rightarrow \infty$ HL coincide with GR. As a result, we find that necessary features of our stellar structure are significantly affected by $ω$ $\omega$ in HL gravity specifically on the estimation of the maximum mass and corresponding predicted radius of the star. In conclusion, we can predict the existence of heavier massive dark energy stars in the context of HL gravity as compared with GR with not collapsing into a black hole. Moreover, we investigate the stability of our proposed stellar system. By integrating the modified perturbations equations in support of suitable boundary conditions at the center and the surface of the stellar object, we evaluate the frequencies and eigenfunctions corresponding to six lowest excited modes. Finally, we find that physically viable and stable dark energy stars can be successfully discussed in HL gravity by this study.

© The Author(s) 2025

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