Eur. Phys. J. C (2025) 85: 234
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13701-w

Regular Article - Experimental Physics

Software and computing for Run 3 of the ATLAS experiment at the LHC

¹ Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
² Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
³ Department of Physics, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
⁴ Division of Physics, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, Türkiye
⁵ LAPP, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS/IN2P3, Annecy, France
⁶ APC, Université Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
⁷ High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA
⁸ Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
⁹ Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
¹⁰ Physics Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
¹¹ Physics Department, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou, Greece
¹² Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
¹³ Institute of Physics, Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan
¹⁴ Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
¹⁵ Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
¹⁶ Physics Department, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
¹⁷ Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
¹⁸ School of Science, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
¹⁹ University of Chinese Academy of Science (UCAS), Beijing, China
²⁰ Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
²¹ Department for Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
²² Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
²³ University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
²⁴ Institut für Physik, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
²⁵ Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics and Laboratory for High Energy Physics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
²⁶ School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
²⁷ Department of Physics, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Türkiye
²⁸ Department of Physics Engineering, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Türkiye
²⁹ Department of Physics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
³⁰ Facultad de Ciencias y Centro de Investigaciónes, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá, Colombia
³¹ Departamento de Física, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
³² Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia A. Righi, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
³³ INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
³⁴ Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
³⁵ Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
³⁶ Department of Physics, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA
³⁷ Transilvania University of Brasov, Brasov, Romania
³⁸ Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania
³⁹ Department of Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Iasi, Romania
⁴⁰ Physics Department, National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
⁴¹ National University of Science and Technology Politechnica, Bucharest, Romania
⁴² West University in Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
⁴³ Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
⁴⁴ Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
⁴⁵ Department of Subnuclear Physics, Institute of Experimental Physics of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Kosice, Slovak Republic
⁴⁶ Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
⁴⁷ Departamento de Física, y CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires (IFIBA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
⁴⁸ California State University, Los Angeles, CA, USA
⁴⁹ Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
⁵⁰ Department of Physics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
⁵¹ iThemba Labs, Western Cape, South Africa
⁵² Department of Mechanical Engineering Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
⁵³ National Institute of Physics, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Philippines
⁵⁴ Department of Physics, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa
⁵⁵ University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa
⁵⁶ School of Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
⁵⁷ Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
⁵⁸ Faculté des Sciences Ain Chock, Université Hassan II de Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
⁵⁹ Faculté des Sciences, Université Ibn-Tofail, Kénitra, Morocco
⁶⁰ Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, Université Cadi Ayyad, LPHEA-Marrakech, Morocco
⁶¹ LPMR, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohamed Premier, Oujda, Morocco
⁶² Faculté des sciences, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
⁶³ Institute of Applied Physics, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
⁶⁴ CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
⁶⁵ CERN Tier-0, Geneva, Switzerland
⁶⁶ Affiliated with an Institute Covered by a Cooperation Agreement with CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
⁶⁷ Affiliated with an International Laboratory Covered by a Cooperation Agreement with CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
⁶⁸ Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
⁶⁹ LPC, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, Clermont-Ferrand, France
⁷⁰ Nevis Laboratory, Columbia University, Irvington, NY, USA
⁷¹ Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
⁷² Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, Rende, Italy
⁷³ INFN Gruppo Collegato di Cosenza, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
⁷⁴ Physics Department, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA
⁷⁵ Physics Department, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
⁷⁶ National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Agia Paraskevi, Greece
⁷⁷ Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
⁷⁸ Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm, Sweden
⁷⁹ Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg and Zeuthen, Germany
⁸⁰ Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
⁸¹ Institut für Kern- und Teilchenphysik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
⁸² Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
⁸³ SUPA-School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
⁸⁴ Port d’Informacio Cientifica (PIC), Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
⁸⁵ INFN e Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
⁸⁶ Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
⁸⁷ II. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
⁸⁸ Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
⁸⁹ Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Genoa, Italy
⁹⁰ INFN Sezione di Genova, Genoa, Italy
⁹¹ II. Physikalisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany
⁹² SUPA-School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
⁹³ LPSC, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, Grenoble INP, Grenoble, France
⁹⁴ Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
⁹⁵ Department of Modern Physics and State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
⁹⁶ Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science and Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation (MOE), Shandong University, Qingdao, China
⁹⁷ School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MOE), SKLPPC, Shanghai, China
⁹⁸ Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai, China
⁹⁹ School of Physics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
¹⁰⁰ Kirchhoff-Institut für Physik, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
¹⁰¹ Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
¹⁰² Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
¹⁰³ Department of Physics, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
¹⁰⁴ Department of Physics and Institute for Advanced Study, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
¹⁰⁵ Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
¹⁰⁶ IJCLab, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, 91405, Orsay, France
¹⁰⁷ Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica (IMB-CNM-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
¹⁰⁸ Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
¹⁰⁹ INFN Gruppo Collegato di Udine, Sezione di Trieste, Udine, Italy
¹¹⁰ ICTP, Trieste, Italy
¹¹¹ Dipartimento Politecnico di Ingegneria e Architettura, Università di Udine, Udine, Italy
¹¹² INFN Sezione di Lecce, Lecce, Italy
¹¹³ Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
¹¹⁴ INFN Sezione di Milano, Milan, Italy
¹¹⁵ Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
¹¹⁶ INFN Sezione di Napoli, Naples, Italy
¹¹⁷ Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Napoli, Naples, Italy
¹¹⁸ INFN Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
¹¹⁹ Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
¹²⁰ INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
¹²¹ Dipartimento di Fisica E. Fermi, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
¹²² INFN Sezione di Roma, Rome, Italy
¹²³ Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
¹²⁴ INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
¹²⁵ Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
¹²⁶ INFN Sezione di Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
¹²⁷ Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
¹²⁸ INFN-TIFPA, Povo, Italy
¹²⁹ Università degli Studi di Trento, Trento, Italy
¹³⁰ Department of Astro and Particle Physics, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
¹³¹ University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
¹³² Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
¹³³ Istinye University, Sariyer, Istanbul, Türkiye
¹³⁴ Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Brazil
¹³⁵ Universidade Federal do Rio De Janeiro COPPE/EE/IF, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
¹³⁶ Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
¹³⁷ Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
¹³⁸ Federal University of Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
¹³⁹ KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
¹⁴⁰ Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
¹⁴¹ AGH University of Krakow, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Krakow, Poland
¹⁴² Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
¹⁴³ Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
¹⁴⁴ Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
¹⁴⁵ Research Center for Advanced Particle Physics and Department of Physics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
¹⁴⁶ L2IT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS/IN2P3, UPS, Toulouse, France
¹⁴⁷ Instituto de Física La Plata, Universidad Nacional de La Plata and CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
¹⁴⁸ Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
¹⁴⁹ Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
¹⁵⁰ Department of Experimental Particle Physics, Jožef Stefan Institute and Department of Physics, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
¹⁵¹ School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
¹⁵² Department of Physics, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, UK
¹⁵³ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, UK
¹⁵⁴ Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA, USA
¹⁵⁵ Fysiska Institutionen, Lunds Universitet, Lund, Sweden
¹⁵⁶ Departamento de Física Teorica C-15 and CIAFF, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
¹⁵⁷ Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
¹⁵⁸ School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
¹⁵⁹ CPPM, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, Marseille, France
¹⁶⁰ Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
¹⁶¹ Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
¹⁶² School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
¹⁶³ Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
¹⁶⁴ Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
¹⁶⁵ Group of Particle Physics, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
¹⁶⁶ Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
¹⁶⁷ Max-Planck-Institut für Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut), Munich, Germany
¹⁶⁸ Graduate School of Science and Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
¹⁶⁹ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
¹⁷⁰ Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics, Radboud University/Nikhef, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
¹⁷¹ Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
¹⁷² Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
¹⁷³ New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
¹⁷⁴ United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
¹⁷⁵ Department of Physics, New York University, New York, NY, USA
¹⁷⁶ Ochanomizu University, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
¹⁷⁷ Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
¹⁷⁸ Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
¹⁷⁹ Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
¹⁸⁰ Joint Laboratory of Optics, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
¹⁸¹ Institute for Fundamental Science, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
¹⁸² Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
¹⁸³ Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
¹⁸⁴ Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
¹⁸⁵ LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
¹⁸⁶ Department of Physics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
¹⁸⁷ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
¹⁸⁸ Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas-LIP, Lisbon, Portugal
¹⁸⁹ Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
¹⁹⁰ Departamento de Física, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
¹⁹¹ Centro de Física Nuclear da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
¹⁹² Departamento de Física, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal
¹⁹³ Departamento de Física Teórica y del Cosmos, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
¹⁹⁴ Departamento de Física, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
¹⁹⁵ Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
¹⁹⁶ Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
¹⁹⁷ Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Prague, Czech Republic
¹⁹⁸ Particle Physics Department, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, UK
¹⁹⁹ IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
²⁰⁰ Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
²⁰¹ Departamento de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
²⁰² Millennium Institute for Subatomic Physics at High Energy Frontier (SAPHIR), Santiago, Chile
²⁰³ Instituto de Investigación Multidisciplinario en Ciencia y Tecnología, y Departamento de Física, Universidad de La Serena, La Serena, Chile
²⁰⁴ Department of Physics, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
²⁰⁵ Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
²⁰⁶ Departamento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
²⁰⁷ Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Tokyo, Japan
²⁰⁸ Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
²⁰⁹ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
²¹⁰ Department of Physics, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
²¹¹ Department Physik, Universität Siegen, Siegen, Germany
²¹² Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
²¹³ SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, CA, USA
²¹⁴ Department of Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
²¹⁵ Departments of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
²¹⁶ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
²¹⁷ School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
²¹⁸ Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
²¹⁹ E. Andronikashvili Institute of Physics, Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
²²⁰ High Energy Physics Institute, Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
²²¹ University of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia
²²² Department of Physics, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
²²³ Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
²²⁴ Department of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
²²⁵ International Center for Elementary Particle Physics and Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
²²⁶ Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
²²⁷ TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC, Canada
²²⁸ Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
²²⁹ Division of Physics and Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
²³⁰ Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
²³¹ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
²³² University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
²³³ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
²³⁴ Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
²³⁵ Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia-CSIC, Valencia, Spain
²³⁶ Department of Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
²³⁷ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
²³⁸ Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
²³⁹ Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
²⁴⁰ Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
²⁴¹ Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
²⁴² Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
²⁴³ Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Fachgruppe Physik, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
²⁴⁴ Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
²⁴⁵ Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
²⁴⁶ An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
²⁴⁷ Borough of Manhattan Community College, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
²⁴⁸ Center for High Energy Physics, Peking University, China
²⁴⁹ Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Thessaloniki, Greece
²⁵⁰ Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Rome, Italy
²⁵¹ CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
²⁵² Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
²⁵³ Departament de Fisica de la Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
²⁵⁴ Department of Financial and Management Engineering, University of the Aegean, Chios, Greece
²⁵⁵ Department of Physics, California State University, Sacramento, USA
²⁵⁶ Department of Physics, King’s College London, London, UK
²⁵⁷ Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
²⁵⁸ Department of Physics, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
²⁵⁹ Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
²⁶⁰ Department of Physics, University of Thessaly, Thessaly, Greece
²⁶¹ Department of Physics, Westmont College, Santa Barbara, USA
²⁶² Faculty of Physics, Sofia University, ‘St. Kliment Ohridski’, Sofia, Bulgaria
²⁶³ Hellenic Open University, Patras, Greece
²⁶⁴ Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats, ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
²⁶⁵ Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
²⁶⁶ Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy (INRNE) of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
²⁶⁷ Institute of Applied Physics, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
²⁶⁸ Institute of Particle Physics (IPP), Toronto, Canada
²⁶⁹ Institute of Physics and Technology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
²⁷⁰ Institute of Physics, Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan
²⁷¹ Institute of Theoretical Physics, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
²⁷² Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, USA
²⁷³ National Institute of Physics, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Philippines
²⁷⁴ Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
²⁷⁵ The Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter (CICQM), Beijing, China
²⁷⁶ TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC, Canada
²⁷⁷ Università di Napoli Parthenope, Naples, Italy
²⁷⁸ Department of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
²⁷⁹ Washington College, Chestertown, MD, USA
²⁸⁰ Physics Department, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Türkiye
²⁸¹ CERN, 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland

^a atlas.publications@cern.ch

Received: 11 April 2024
Accepted: 6 December 2024
Published online: 6 March 2025

Abstract

The ATLAS experiment has developed extensive software and distributed computing systems for Run 3 of the LHC. These systems are described in detail, including software infrastructure and workflows, distributed data and workload management, database infrastructure, and validation. The use of these systems to prepare the data for physics analysis and assess its quality are described, along with the software tools used for data analysis itself. An outlook for the development of these projects towards Run 4 is also provided.