https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13707-4
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
A model-independent compact dynamical system formulation for exploring bounce and cyclic cosmological evolutions in 
gravity
1
The Institute for Fundamental Study, Naresuan University, 65000, Phitsanulok, Thailand
2
Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, Cosmology and Gravity Group, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, Cape Town, South Africa
3
Department of Mathematics, Jayawant Shikshan Prasarak Mandal University, Pune, India
4
Centre for Space Research, North-West University, 2520, Potchefstroom, South Africa
5
South African Astronomical Observatory, Observatory 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
a
asagrawal.sbas@jspmuni.ac.in
Received:
11
October
2024
Accepted:
7
December
2024
Published online:
26
December
2024
Using the dynamical systems approach together with the cosmographic parameters, we present a model-independent dynamical system formulation for cosmology in f(R) gravity. The formulation is model-independent in the sense that one needs to specify not a particular functional form of f(R) a-priori, but rather a particular cosmological evolution, which fixes the cosmography. In a sense, our approach is the way around the reconstruction method. This is shown using both non-compact and compact dynamical variables. The focus in this paper is on the compact analysis since we demonstrate the applicability of this formulation using examples of bouncing and cyclic cosmology. In particular, our analysis reveals, in a model-independent manner, the problem of achieving such cosmologies when the universe is globally spatially flat and devoid of matter.
© The Author(s) 2024
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