https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-12500-7
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Charged spinning fermionic configurations and a mass gap
1
Department of Theoretical and Nuclear Physics, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 050040, Almaty, Kazakhstan
2
Institute of Nuclear Physics, 050032, Almaty, Kazakhstan
3
Academician J. Jeenbaev Institute of Physics of the NAS of the Kyrgyz Republic, 265 a, Chui Street, 720071, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
4
Laboratory for Theoretical Cosmology, International Centre of Gravity and Cosmos, Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), 634050, Tomsk, Russia
Received:
13
December
2023
Accepted:
29
January
2024
Published online:
7
February
2024
We consider a self-consistent axially symmetric system supported by a classical nonlinear spinor field minimally coupled to electric and magnetic Maxwell fields. The presence of the nonlinearity of the spinor field ensures the existence of a minimum positive energy of the system (a mass gap), of a minimum charge (a charge gap), and of a minimum magnetic moment. In turn, the presence of the electric charge results in qualitative changes in the behavior of physical characteristics of the systems under consideration as compared with the case of an electrically neutral spinor field. It is shown that, with a suitable choice of free system parameters, there exists a regular finite-energy particlelike solution describing a localized spinning object whose physical parameters correspond to the main characteristics of an electron/positron (including the spin equal to 1/2), but with the characteristic size comparable to the corresponding Compton wavelength. Also, we show that four local Dirac equations are equivalent to two nonlocal equations.
© The Author(s) 2024
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