Study of four-body decays in the perturbative QCD approach

Da-Cheng Yan; Zhou Rui; Yan Yan; Ya Li

doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-12152-z

2023 Impact factor 4.2

Particles and Fields

Open Access

Eur. Phys. J. C (2023) 83: 974
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-12152-z

Regular Article - Theoretical Physics

Study of four-body decays $B_{(s)} \to (π π) (π π)$ $B_{(s)} \rightarrow (\pi \pi )(\pi \pi )$ in the perturbative QCD approach

Da-Cheng Yan¹, Zhou Rui², Yan Yan¹ and Ya Li³^d

¹ School of Mathematics and Physics, Changzhou University, 213164, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
² College of Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, 063210, Tangshan, Hebei, China
³ Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China

^d liyakelly@163.com

Received: 4 September 2023
Accepted: 15 October 2023
Published online: 29 October 2023

Abstract

In this work, we make a systematical study on the four-body $B_{(s)} \to (π π) (π π)$ $B_{(s)} \rightarrow (\pi \pi )(\pi \pi )$ decays in the perturbative QCD (PQCD) approach, where the $π π$ $\pi \pi$ invariant mass spectra are dominated by the vector resonance $ρ (770)$ $\rho (770)$ and the scalar resonance $f_{0} (980)$ $$f_0(980)$$ . We improve the Gengenbauer moments for the longitudinal P-wave two-pion distribution amplitudes (DAs) by fitting the PQCD factorization formulas to measured branching ratios of three-body and four-body B decays. With the fitted Gegenbauer moments, we make predictions for the branching ratios and direct CP asymmetries of four-body $B_{(s)} \to (π π) (π π)$ $B_{(s)} \rightarrow (\pi \pi )(\pi \pi )$ decays. As a by-product, we extract the branching ratios of two-body $B_{(s)} \to ρ ρ$ $B_{(s)} \rightarrow \rho \rho$ from the corresponding four-body decay modes and calculate the relevant polarization fractions. We find that the $B (B^{0} \to ρ^{+} ρ^{-})$ $\mathcal{B}(B^0 \rightarrow \rho ^+\rho ^-)$ is consistent with the previous theoretical predictions and data. The leading-order PQCD calculations of the $B (B^{+} \to ρ^{+} ρ^{0})$ $\mathcal{B}(B^+\rightarrow \rho ^+\rho ^0)$ , $B (B^{0} \to ρ^{0} ρ^{0})$ $\mathcal{B}(B^0\rightarrow \rho ^0\rho ^0)$ and the $f_{0} (B^{0} \to ρ^{0} ρ^{0})$ $f_0(B^0\rightarrow \rho ^0\rho ^0)$ are a bit lower than the experimental measurements, which should be further examined. It is shown that the direct CP asymmetries are large when both tree and penguin contributions are comparable to each other, but small for the tree-dominant or penguin-dominant processes. In addition to the direct CP asymmetries, the “true” and “fake” triple-product asymmetries (TPAs) originating from the interference among various helicity amplitudes in the $B_{(s)} \to (π π) (π π)$ $B_{(s)}\rightarrow (\pi \pi )(\pi \pi )$ decays are also analyzed. The sizable averaged TPA $A_{T-true}^{1, ave} = 25.26 %$ $\mathcal{A}_{\text {T-true}}^{1, \text {ave}}=25.26\%$ of the color-suppressed decay $B^{0} \to ρ^{0} ρ^{0} \to (π^{+} π^{-}) (π^{+} π^{-})$ $B^0\rightarrow \rho ^0\rho ^0 \rightarrow (\pi ^+\pi ^-)(\pi ^+\pi ^-)$ is predicted for the first time, which deviates a lot from the so-called “true” TPA $A_{T-true}^{1} = 7.92 %$ $\mathcal {A}_\text {T-true}^1=7.92\%$ due to the large direct CP violation. A large “fake” TPA $A_{T-fake}^{1} = 24.96 %$ $\mathcal {A}_\text {T-fake}^1=24.96\%$ of the decay $B^{0} \to ρ^{0} ρ^{0} \to (π^{+} π^{-}) (π^{+} π^{-})$ $B^0\rightarrow \rho ^0\rho ^0 \rightarrow (\pi ^+\pi ^-)(\pi ^+\pi ^-)$ is also found, which indicates the significance of the final-state interactions. The predictions in this work can be tested by LHCb and Belle-II experiments in the near future.

© The Author(s) 2023

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