https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11918-9
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Holographic superfluid with gauge–axion coupling
1
Key Laboratory of Cosmology and Astrophysics (Liaoning Province) and Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, 110819, Shenyang, China
2
Center for Gravitation and Cosmology, College of Physical Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, China
3
National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization, Northeastern University, 110819, Shenyang, China
4
Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry (Northeastern University), Ministry of Education, 110819, Shenyang, China
Received:
8
June
2023
Accepted:
9
August
2023
Published online:
24
August
2023
We have constructed a holographic superfluid with gauge–axion coupling. Depending on whether the coupling is positive or negative, the system displays metallic or insulating behavior in its normal state. A significant feature of the system is the appearance of a mid-IR peak in the alternating current (AC) conductivity in a certain range of parameters. This peak arises due to competition between explicit symmetry breaking (ESB) and spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB), which results in the presence of a pseudo-Goldstone mode. Moreover, a dip in low-frequency AC conductivity is observed, stemming from the excitation of the SSB Goldstone mode. In the superfluid phase, the effect of gauge–axion coupling on the condensation or superfluid energy gap is only amplified in the presence of strong momentum dissipation. Notably, for the case with negative gauge–axion coupling, a hard-gap-like behavior at low frequency and a pronounced peak at intermediate frequency are observed, indicating that the evolution of the superfluid component is distinct from that of positive coupling.
© The Author(s) 2023
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