https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11265-9
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Cosmological tests of the osculating Barthel–Kropina dark energy model
1
Laboratory of Physics of Matter and Radiation, Mohammed I University, BP 717, Oujda, Morocco
2
Department of Applied Mathematics, Delhi Technological University, 110042, Delhi, India
3
Faculty of Science and Industrial Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Surat Thani Campus, 84000, Surat Thani, Thailand
4
Department of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, Kogalniceanu Street, 400084, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
5
Department of Theoretical Physics, National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), 077125, Bucharest, Romania
6
Astronomical Observatory, 19 Ciresilor Street, 400487, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
7
Department of Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Tokai University, 005-8600, Sapporo, Japan
8
Graduate School of Science and Technology, Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Tokai University, 005-8600, Sapporo, Japan
9
Faculty of Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile
Received:
16
November
2022
Accepted:
24
January
2023
Published online:
5
February
2023
We further investigate the dark energy model based on the Finsler geometry inspired osculating Barthel–Kropina cosmology. The Barthel–Kropina cosmological approach is based on the introduction of a Barthel connection in an osculating Finsler geometry, with the connection having the property that it is the Levi-Civita connection of a Riemannian metric. From the generalized Friedmann equations of the Barthel–Kropina model, obtained by assuming that the background Riemannian metric is of the Friedmann–Lemaitre–Robertson–Walker type, an effective geometric dark energy component can be generated, with the effective, geometric type pressure, satisfying a linear barotropic type equation of state. The cosmological tests, and comparisons with observational data of this dark energy model are considered in detail. To constrain the Barthel–Kropina model parameters, and the parameter of the equation of state, we use 57 Hubble data points, and the Pantheon Supernovae Type Ia data sample. The st statistical analysis is performed by using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulations. A detailed comparison with the standard 
CDM model is also performed, with the Akaike information criterion (AIC), and the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) used as the two model selection tools. The statefinder diagnostics consisting of jerk and snap parameters, and the Om(z) diagnostics are also considered for the comparative study of the Barthel–Kropina and CDM cosmologies. Our results indicate that the Barthel–Kropina dark energy model gives a good description of the observational data, and thus it can be considered a viable alternative of the CDM model.
© The Author(s) 2023
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