https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09517-7
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Cosmological evolution and dark energy in osculating Barthel–Randers geometry
1
Faculty of Science and Industrial Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Surat Thani Campus, 84000, Surat Thani, Thailand
2
Department of Theoretical Physics, National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), 077125, Bucharest, Romania
3
Astronomical Observatory, 19 Ciresilor Street, 400487, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
4
Department of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, Kogalniceanu Street, 400084, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
5
School of Physics, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
6
School of Biological Sciences, Department of Biology and Graduate School of Science and Technology, Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Tokai University, 005-8600, Sapporo, Japan
7
School of Physics, Damghan University, 41167-36716, Damghan, Iran
Received:
10
May
2021
Accepted:
30
July
2021
Published online:
17
August
2021
We consider the cosmological evolution in an osculating point Barthel–Randers type geometry, in which to each point of the space-time manifold an arbitrary point vector field is associated. This Finsler type geometry is assumed to describe the physical properties of the gravitational field, as well as the cosmological dynamics. For the Barthel–Randers geometry the connection is given by the Levi-Civita connection of the associated Riemann metric. The generalized Friedmann equations in the Barthel–Randers geometry are obtained by considering that the background Riemannian metric in the Randers line element is of Friedmann–Lemaitre–Robertson–Walker type. The matter energy balance equation is derived, and it is interpreted from the point of view of the thermodynamics of irreversible processes in the presence of particle creation. The cosmological properties of the model are investigated in detail, and it is shown that the model admits a de Sitter type solution, and that an effective cosmological constant can also be generated. Several exact cosmological solutions are also obtained. A comparison of three specific models with the observational data and with the standard 
CDM model is also performed by fitting the observed values of the Hubble parameter, with the models giving a satisfactory description of the observations.
© The Author(s) 2021
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