https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-10860-6
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Compatibility of big bang nucleosynthesis in some modified gravities
1
Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 54000, Lahore, Pakistan
2
Department of Mathematics, University of Okara, 56300, Okara, Pakistan
b abduljawad@cuilahore.edu.pk, jawadab181@yahoo.com
Received:
21
May
2022
Accepted:
23
September
2022
Published online:
12
October
2022
This paper is devoted to investigate the implications of Einstein-Aether and modified Hořava–Lifshitz theories of gravity to the formation of light elements in the early universe named as big bang nucleosynthesis. We choose different models from these theories for a detailed investigation of big bang nucleosynthesis epoch and compare it with the observational bounds. That is, we compare the deviation of freeze-out temperature 
with the 
CDM paradigm and use observational bounds on 
to inspect constraints on the involved free parameters of these models. We apply Chi-square test on the Hubble parameter H in each model to analyze the compatibility of model parameters with the observations and find consistent results. We find that chosen models of Einstein-Aether gravity and modified Hořava–Lifshitz gravity can satisfy big bang nucleosynthesis constraints and thus constitute a viable cosmology since they can be source for dark energy sector and late-time accelerated expansion.
© The Author(s) 2022
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