https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-10526-3
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
tension or M overestimation?
1
Theoretical Physics Department, CERN, 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
2
ICRANet, Piazza della Repubblica 10, 65122, Pescara, Italy
3
Instituto de Fica, Universidad deÚntioquia, A.A.1226, Medell, Colombia
Received:
5
February
2022
Accepted:
16
June
2022
Published online:
12
July
2022
There is a strong discrepancy between the value of the Hubble parameter 
obtained from large scale observations such as the Planck mission, and the small scale value 
, obtained from low redshift supernovae (SNe). The value of the absolute magnitude 
used as prior in analyzing observational data is obtained from low-redshift SNe, assuming a homogeneous Universe, but the distance of the anchors used to calibrate the SNe to obtain M would be affected by a local inhomogeneity, making it inconsistent to test the Copernican principle using , since M estimation itself is affected by local inhomogeneities. We perform an analysis of the luminosity distance of low redshift SNe, using different values of M, 
, corresponding to different values of , 
, obtained from the model independent consistency relation between and M which can be derived from the definition of the distance modulus. We find that the value of M can strongly affect the evidence of a local inhomogeneity. We analyze data from the Pantheon catalog, finding no significant statistical evidence of a local inhomogeneity using the parameters 
, confirming previous studies, while with 
we find evidence of a small local void, which causes an overestimation of 
with respect to 
. An inhomogeneous model with the parameters fits the data better than a homogeneous model with , resolving the apparent tension. Using , we obtain evidence of a local inhomogeneity with a density contrast 
, extending up to a redshift of 
, in good agreement with recent results of galaxy catalogs analysis (Wong et al. in The local hole: a galaxy under-density covering 90 mpc, 2021).
© The Author(s) 2022
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