https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-08910-6
Regular Article – Theoretical Physics
Geodesic deviation, Raychaudhuri equation, Newtonian limit, and tidal forces in Weyl-type f(Q, T) gravity
1
School of Physics, Sun Yat-Sen University, Xingang Road, 510275, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
2
School of Physics, Damghan University, 41167-36716, Damghan, Iran
3
Astronomical Observatory, 19 Ciresilor Street, 400487, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
4
Department of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, Kogalniceanu Street, 400084, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
5
State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Material and Technology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Xingang Road, 510275, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
Received:
21
November
2020
Accepted:
24
January
2021
Published online:
2
February
2021
We consider the geodesic deviation equation, describing the relative accelerations of nearby particles, and the Raychaudhuri equation, giving the evolution of the kinematical quantities associated with deformations (expansion, shear and rotation) in the Weyl-type f(Q, T) gravity, in which the non-metricity Q is represented in the standard Weyl form, fully determined by the Weyl vector, while T represents the trace of the matter energy–momentum tensor. The effects of the Weyl geometry and of the extra force induced by the non-metricity–matter coupling are explicitly taken into account. The Newtonian limit of the theory is investigated, and the generalized Poisson equation, containing correction terms coming from the Weyl geometry, and from the geometry matter coupling, is derived. As a physical application of the geodesic deviation equation the modifications of the tidal forces, due to the non-metricity–matter coupling, are obtained in the weak-field approximation. The tidal motion of test particles is directly influenced by the gradients of the extra force, and of the Weyl vector. As a concrete astrophysical example we obtain the expression of the Roche limit (the orbital distance at which a satellite begins to be tidally torn apart by the body it orbits) in the Weyl-type f(Q, T) gravity.
© The Author(s) 2021
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