https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-7641-3
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Shadow of a Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by a Bach–Weyl ring
1
Department of Physics, Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Hunan Normal University, 410081, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
2
School of Mathematics and Physics, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 266061, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
3
Center for Gravitation and Cosmology, College of Physical Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
Received:
4
June
2019
Accepted:
11
January
2020
Published online:
10
February
2020
We have studied the shadows of a Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by a Bach–Weyl ring through the backward ray-tracing method. The presence of Bach–Weyl ring leads to that the photon dynamical system is non-integrable and then chaos would appear in the photon motion, which affects sharply the black hole shadow. The size and shape the black hole shadow depend on the black hole parameter, the Bach–Weyl ring mass and the Weyl radius between black hole and ring. Some self-similar fractal structures also appear in the black hole shadow, which originates from the chaotic lensing. We also study the change of the image of Bach–Weyl ring with the ring mass and the Weyl radius. Finally, we analyze the invariant manifolds of Lyapunov orbits near the fixed points and discuss further the formation of the shadow of a Schwarzschild black hole with Bach–Weyl ring.
© The Author(s) 2020
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