https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-7230-5
Letter
Non-particle dark matter from Hubble parameter
Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT, USA
* e-mail: NPoplawski@newhaven.edu
Received:
17
June
2019
Accepted:
17
August
2019
Published online:
3
September
2019
The measurements of the Hubble parameter using the cosmic microwave background radiation appear to be inconsistent with the measurements of this parameter using Cepheid variable stars. This inconsistency may be a result of using the 
CDM cosmology, which assumes pressureless dark matter, in extrapolating the data from the recombination time to the present time. We show that both measurements are consistent if dark matter satisfies an equation of state in which the pressure p and the energy density 
are related by 
with a negative value of w. The data give 
. The negative value of w indicates that dark matter would not be formed by particles, which is consistent with the lack of experimental evidence for them.
© The Author(s), 2019
