https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-8221-2
Regular Article – Theoretical Physics
Does 
CDM really be in tension with the Hubble diagram data?
1
Department of Physics, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 65178 016016, Iran
2
Academy of Athens, Research Center for Astronomy and Applied Mathematics, Soranou Efessiou 4, 11-527, Athens, Greece
* e-mail: Mehrabi@basu.ac.ir
Received:
22
February
2020
Accepted:
9
July
2020
Published online:
16
July
2020
In this article, we elaborate further on the CDM “tension”, suggested recently by the authors Lusso et al. (Astron Astrophys 628:L4, 2019) and Risaliti and Lusso (Nat Astron 3(3):272, 2019). We combine Supernovae type Ia (SNIa) with quasars (QSO) and Gamma Ray Bursts (GRB) data in order to reconstruct in a model independent way the Hubble relation to as high redshifts as possible. Specifically, in the case of either SNIa or SNIa/QSO data we find that the current values of the cosmokinetic parameters extracted from the Gaussian process are consistent with those of CDM. Including GRBs in the analysis we find a tension, which lies between 
and 
levels respectively. Finally, we find that at high redshifts (
) the corresponding cosmokinetic parameters significantly deviate from those of CDM, hence the possibility of new Physics is not precluded by the present analysis.
© The Author(s), 2020
