Pion freeze-out time in Pb+Pb collisions at 158 AGeV/c studied via π-/π+ and K-/K+ ratios

M.M. Aggarwal; Z. Ahammed; A.L.S. Angelis; V. Antonenko; V. Arefiev; V. Astakhov; V. Avdeitchikov; T.C. Awes; P.V.K.S. Baba; S.K. Badyal; S. Bathe; B. Batiounia; T. Bernier; K.B. Bhalla; V.S. Bhatia; C. Blume; D. Bucher; H. Büsching; L. Carlen; S. Chattopadhyay; M.P. Decowski; H. Delagrange; P. Donni; M.R. Dutta Majumdar; K. El Chenawi; A.K. Dubey; K. Enosawa; S. Fokin; V. Frolov; M.S. Ganti; S. Garpman; O. Gavrishchuk; F.J.M. Geurts; T.K. Ghosh; R. Glasow; B. Guskov; H. Å.Gustafsson; H.H. Gutbrod; I. Hrivnacova; M. Ippolitov; H. Kalechofsky; R. Kamermans; K. Karadjev; K. Karpio; B.W. Kolb; I. Kosarev; I. Koutcheryaev; A. Kugler; P. Kulinich; M. Kurata; A. Lebedev; H. Löhner; L. Luquin; D.P. Mahapatra; V. Manko; M. Martin; G. Martínez; A. Maximov; Y. Miake; G.C. Mishra; B. Mohanty; M.-J. Mora; D. Morrison; T. Mukhanova; D.S. Mukhopadhyay; H. Naef; B.K. Nandi; S.K. Nayak; T.K. Nayak; A. Nianine; V. Nikitine; S. Nikolaev; P. Nilsson; S. Nishimura; P. Nomokonov; J. Nystrand; A. Oskarsson; I. Otterlund; S. Pavliouk; T. Peitzmann; D. Peressounko; V. Petracek; S.C. Phatak; W. Pinganaud; F. Plasil; M.L. Purschke; J. Rak; R. Raniwala; S. Raniwala; N.K. Rao; F. Retiere; K. Reygers; G. Roland; L. Rosselet; I. Roufanov; C. Roy; J.M. Rubio; S.S. Sambyal; R. Santo; S. Sato; H. Schlagheck; H.-R. Schmidt; Y. Schutz; G. Shabratova; T.H. Shah; I. Sibiriak; T. Siemiarczuk; D. Silvermyr; B.C. Sinha; N. Slavine; K. Söderström; G. Sood; S.P. Sørensen; P. Stankus; G. Stefanek; P. Steinberg; E. Stenlund; M. Sumbera; T. Svensson; A. Tsvetkov; L. Tykarski; E.C. v. d. Pijll; N. v. Eijndhoven; G.J. v. Nieuwenhuizen; A. Vinogradov; Y.P. Viyogi; A. Vodopianov; S. Vörös; B. Wysłouch; G.R. Young

doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-006-0081-x

2022 Impact factor 4.4

Particles and Fields

Eur. Phys. J. C (2006) 48: 343-352
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-006-0081-x

Regular Article - Experimental Physics

Pion freeze-out time in Pb+Pb collisions at 158 AGeV/c studied via π^-/π⁺ and K^-/K⁺ ratios

M.M. Aggarwal¹, Z. Ahammed², A.L.S. Angelis³, V. Antonenko⁴, V. Arefiev⁵, V. Astakhov⁵, V. Avdeitchikov⁵, T.C. Awes⁶^*, P.V.K.S. Baba⁷, S.K. Badyal⁷, S. Bathe⁸, B. Batiounia⁵, T. Bernier⁹, K.B. Bhalla¹⁰, V.S. Bhatia¹, C. Blume⁸, D. Bucher⁸, H. Büsching⁸, L. Carlen¹¹, S. Chattopadhyay², M.P. Decowski¹², H. Delagrange⁹, P. Donni³, M.R. Dutta Majumdar², K. El Chenawi¹¹, A.K. Dubey¹³, K. Enosawa¹⁴, S. Fokin⁴, V. Frolov⁵, M.S. Ganti², S. Garpman¹¹, O. Gavrishchuk⁵, F.J.M. Geurts¹⁵, T.K. Ghosh¹⁶, R. Glasow⁸, B. Guskov⁵, H. Å.Gustafsson¹¹, H.H. Gutbrod¹⁷, I. Hrivnacova¹⁸, M. Ippolitov⁴, H. Kalechofsky³, R. Kamermans¹⁵, K. Karadjev⁴, K. Karpio¹⁹, B.W. Kolb¹⁷, I. Kosarev⁵, I. Koutcheryaev⁴, A. Kugler¹⁸, P. Kulinich¹², M. Kurata¹⁴, A. Lebedev⁴, H. Löhner¹⁶, L. Luquin⁹, D.P. Mahapatra¹³, V. Manko⁴, M. Martin³, G. Martínez⁹, A. Maximov⁵, Y. Miake¹⁴, G.C. Mishra¹³, B. Mohanty¹³, M.-J. Mora⁹, D. Morrison²⁰, T. Mukhanova⁴, D.S. Mukhopadhyay², H. Naef³, B.K. Nandi¹³, S.K. Nayak⁹, T.K. Nayak², A. Nianine⁴, V. Nikitine⁵, S. Nikolaev⁴, P. Nilsson¹¹, S. Nishimura¹⁴, P. Nomokonov⁵, J. Nystrand¹¹, A. Oskarsson¹¹, I. Otterlund¹¹, S. Pavliouk⁵, T. Peitzmann¹⁵, D. Peressounko⁴, V. Petracek¹⁸, S.C. Phatak¹³, W. Pinganaud⁹, F. Plasil⁶, M.L. Purschke¹⁷, J. Rak¹⁸, R. Raniwala¹⁰, S. Raniwala¹⁰, N.K. Rao⁷, F. Retiere⁹, K. Reygers⁸, G. Roland¹², L. Rosselet³, I. Roufanov⁵, C. Roy⁹, J.M. Rubio³, S.S. Sambyal⁷, R. Santo⁸, S. Sato¹⁴, H. Schlagheck⁸, H.-R. Schmidt¹⁷, Y. Schutz⁹, G. Shabratova⁵, T.H. Shah⁷, I. Sibiriak⁴, T. Siemiarczuk¹⁹, D. Silvermyr¹¹, B.C. Sinha², N. Slavine⁵, K. Söderström¹¹, G. Sood¹, S.P. Sørensen²⁰, P. Stankus⁶, G. Stefanek¹⁹, P. Steinberg¹², E. Stenlund¹¹, M. Sumbera¹⁸, T. Svensson¹¹, A. Tsvetkov⁴, L. Tykarski¹⁹, E.C. v. d. Pijll¹⁵, N. v. Eijndhoven¹⁵, G.J. v. Nieuwenhuizen¹², A. Vinogradov⁴, Y.P. Viyogi², A. Vodopianov⁵, S. Vörös³, B. Wysłouch¹², G.R. Young⁶ and The WA98 Collaboration

¹ University of Panjab, Chandigarh, 160014, India
² Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Calcutta, 700064, India
³ University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
⁴ RRC Kurchatov Institute, 123182, Moscow, Russia
⁵ Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980, Dubna, Russia
⁶ Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6372, USA
⁷ University of Jammu, Jammu, 180001, India
⁸ University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
⁹ SUBATECH, Ecole des Mines, Nantes, France
¹⁰ University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, 302004, Rajasthan, India
¹¹ Lund University, 22100, Lund, Sweden
¹² MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
¹³ Institute of Physics, 751-005, Bhubaneswar, India
¹⁴ University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305, Japan
¹⁵ Universiteit Utrecht/NIKHEF, 3508 TA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
¹⁶ KVI, University of Groningen, 9747 AA, Groningen, The Netherlands
¹⁷ Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI), 64220, Darmstadt, Germany
¹⁸ Nuclear Physics Institute, 25068, Rez, Czech Republic
¹⁹ Institute for Nuclear Studies, 00-681, Warsaw, Poland
²⁰ University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37966, USA

^* e-mail: awes@mail.phy.ornl.gov

Received: 16 July 2006
Revised: 1 September 2006
Published online: 7 November 2006

Abstract

The effect of the final state Coulomb interaction on particles produced in Pb+Pb collisions at 158 AGeV/c has been investigated in the WA98 experiment through the study of the π^-/π⁺ and K^-/K⁺ ratios measured as a function of m_T-m₀. While the ratio for kaons shows no significant m_T dependence, the π^-/π⁺ ratio is enhanced at small m_T-m₀ values with an enhancement that increases with centrality. A silicon pad detector located near the target is used to estimate the contribution of hyperon decays to the π^-/π⁺ ratio. The comparison of results with predictions of the RQMD model in which the Coulomb interaction has been incorporated allows to place constraints on the time of the pion freeze-out.

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Pion freeze-out time in Pb+Pb collisions at 158 AGeV/c studied via π-/π+ and K-/K+ ratios

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Pion freeze-out time in Pb+Pb collisions at 158 AGeV/c studied via π^-/π⁺ and K^-/K⁺ ratios