Eur. Phys. J. C (2025) 85: 788
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14509-y

Regular Article - Theoretical Physics

Investigating hybrid mesons with $0^{+-}$ and $2^{+-}$ exotic quantum numbers

¹ School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, 233000, Bengbu, China
² School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, China
³ Lanzhou Center for Theoretical Physics, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Quantum Theory and Applications of MoE, Gansu Provincial Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Quantum Physics, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, China
⁴ MoE Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, China
⁵ Research Center for Hadron and CSR Physics, Lanzhou University and Institute of Modern Physics of CAS, 730000, Lanzhou, China

^a xiangliu@lzu.edu.cn

Received: 18 April 2025
Accepted: 7 July 2025
Published online: 21 July 2025

Abstract

Hybrid mesons occupy a unique position in the hadronic spectrum, offering a valuable insight into the non-perturbative nature of the glue field. Hybrid states with exotic $J^{\mathit{PC}}$ quantum numbers, such as the $1^{-+}$, $0^{+-}$ and $2^{+-}$, cannot mix with conventional $q\overline{q}$ mesons, making them critical for establishing the full spectrum of hybrid mesons. In this work, we investigate the masses and the strong decays of $0^{+-}$ and $2^{+-}$ hybrid mesons, which could be regarded as the first orbitally excited states of the ${\pi }_1(1600)$ and ${\eta }_1(1855)$ mesons. We develop a constituent gluon model and apply it to study the mass spectra and decay modes of these exotic states. Our results suggest that experiment may searched for these $0^{+-}$ and $2^{+-}$ hybrid mesons in the mass region between 2.0 and 2.4 GeV. Additionally, we identify some key decay channels which should be targeted in future experiments.