https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14491-5
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Testing influence of Hubble tension on the early Universe
International School for Optoelectronic Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 250353, Jinan, China
Received:
13
December
2024
Accepted:
4
July
2025
Published online:
13
July
2025
The Hubble tension has profoundly shaped modern cosmological research. This study explores its impact on the early-universe physics in the modified emergent dark energy (MEDE) and 
CDM model using Planck PR4, BK18, DESI2024/2025, and supernova samples (Pan+, Union3). First, Hubble constant negligibly affects the tensor-to-scalar ratio (
at 95%C.L.). Inclusion of DESI2025 achieves a 46% uncertainty reduction in key parameters. For CMB power spectra, DESI systematically amplifies TT/BB spectral discrepancies. Second, electron ionization fractions 
display pronounced deviations from the CDM model at 
, suggesting a connection between Hubble tension and reionization history. This finding resonates with JWST measurements on high-redshift galaxy evolution. Future observations, such as 21-cm surveys, are highly anticipated to resolve these tensions by probing early-universe evolution and dark energy interactions.
© The Author(s) 2025
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Funded by SCOAP3.
