Development of MMC-based lithium molybdate cryogenic calorimeters for AMoRE-II

A. Agrawal; V. V. Alenkov; P. Aryal; J. Beyer; B. Bhandari; R. S. Boiko; K. Boonin; O. Buzanov; C. R. Byeon; N. Chanthima; M. K. Cheoun; J. S. Choe; Seonho Choi; S. Choudhury; J. S. Chung; F. A. Danevich; M. Djamal; D. Drung; C. Enss; A. Fleischmann; A. M. Gangapshev; L. Gastaldo; Y. M. Gavrilyuk; A. M. Gezhaev; O. Gileva; V. D. Grigorieva; V. I. Gurentsov; C. Ha; D. H. Ha; E. J. Ha; D. H. Hwnag; E. J. Jeon; J. A. Jeon; H. S. Jo; J. Kaewkhao; C. S. Kang; W. G. Kang; V. V. Kazalov; S. Kempf; A. Khan; S. Khan; D. Y. Kim; G. W. Kim; H. B. Kim; Ho-Jong Kim; H. J. Kim; H. L. Kim; H. S. Kim; M. B. Kim; S. C. Kim; S. K. Kim; S. R. Kim; W. T. Kim; Y. D. Kim; Y. H. Kim; K. Kirdsiri; Y. J. Ko; V. V. Kobychev; V. Kornoukhov; V. V. Kuzminov; D. H. Kwon; C. H. Lee; DongYeup Lee; E. K. Lee; H. J. Lee; H. S. Lee; J. Lee; J. Y. Lee; K. B. Lee; M. H. Lee; M. K. Lee; S. W. Lee; Y. C. Lee; D. S. Leonard; H. S. Lim; B. Mailyan; E. P. Makarov; P. Nyanda; Y. Oh; S. L. Olsen; S. I. Panasenko; H. K. Park; H. S. Park; K. S. Park; S. Y. Park; O. G. Polischuk; H. Prihtiadi; S. Ra; S. S. Ratkevich; G. Rooh; M. B. Sari; J. Seo; K. M. Seo; B. Sharma; K. A. Shin; V. N. Shlegel; K. Siyeon; J. So; N. V. Sokur; J. K. Son; J. W. Song; N. Srisittipokakun; V. I. Tretyak; R. Wirawan; K. R. Woo; H. J. Yeon; Y. S. Yoon; Q. Yue

doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13498-8

2023 Impact factor 4.2

Particles and Fields

Open Access

This article has an erratum: [https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-13991-8]

Eur. Phys. J. C (2025) 85: 172
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13498-8

Regular Article - Experimental Physics

Development of MMC-based lithium molybdate cryogenic calorimeters for AMoRE-II

A. Agrawal¹, V. V. Alenkov², P. Aryal³, J. Beyer⁴, B. Bhandari⁵, R. S. Boiko⁶^,26, K. Boonin⁷, O. Buzanov², C. R. Byeon³, N. Chanthima⁷, M. K. Cheoun⁸, J. S. Choe⁹, Seonho Choi¹⁰, S. Choudhury¹, J. S. Chung¹¹, F. A. Danevich⁶^,27, M. Djamal¹², D. Drung⁴, C. Enss¹³, A. Fleischmann¹³, A. M. Gangapshev¹⁴, L. Gastaldo¹³, Y. M. Gavrilyuk¹⁴, A. M. Gezhaev¹⁴, O. Gileva⁹, V. D. Grigorieva¹⁵, V. I. Gurentsov¹⁴, C. Ha¹¹, D. H. Ha³, E. J. Ha⁸, D. H. Hwnag⁹, E. J. Jeon⁵^,9, J. A. Jeon⁹, H. S. Jo³, J. Kaewkhao⁷, C. S. Kang⁹, W. G. Kang⁹, V. V. Kazalov¹⁴, S. Kempf¹³, A. Khan³, S. Khan¹⁶, D. Y. Kim⁹, G. W. Kim⁹, H. B. Kim¹⁰, Ho-Jong Kim⁹, H. J. Kim³, H. L. Kim³, H. S. Kim¹⁷, M. B. Kim⁹, S. C. Kim⁹^a, S. K. Kim¹⁰, S. R. Kim⁹, W. T. Kim⁵^b, Y. D. Kim⁵^,9, Y. H. Kim⁵^,9, K. Kirdsiri⁷, Y. J. Ko⁹, V. V. Kobychev⁶, V. Kornoukhov¹⁸, V. V. Kuzminov¹⁴, D. H. Kwon⁵, C. H. Lee⁹, DongYeup Lee¹⁹, E. K. Lee⁹, H. J. Lee⁹, H. S. Lee⁵^,9, J. Lee⁹, J. Y. Lee³, K. B. Lee²⁰, M. H. Lee⁵^,9, M. K. Lee²⁰, S. W. Lee³, Y. C. Lee¹⁰, D. S. Leonard⁹, H. S. Lim³, B. Mailyan²¹, E. P. Makarov¹⁵, P. Nyanda⁵, Y. Oh⁹, S. L. Olsen⁹, S. I. Panasenko¹⁴^,22, H. K. Park¹⁹, H. S. Park²⁰, K. S. Park⁹, S. Y. Park⁹, O. G. Polischuk⁶, H. Prihtiadi⁹, S. Ra⁹, S. S. Ratkevich¹⁴^,22, G. Rooh²³, M. B. Sari¹², J. Seo⁵, K. M. Seo¹⁷, B. Sharma⁵^c, K. A. Shin⁹, V. N. Shlegel¹⁵, K. Siyeon¹¹, J. So⁹, N. V. Sokur⁶, J. K. Son⁹, J. W. Song⁷, N. Srisittipokakun⁷, V. I. Tretyak⁶^,28, R. Wirawan²⁴, K. R. Woo⁹, H. J. Yeon⁹, Y. S. Yoon²⁰, Q. Yue²⁵ and The AMoRE Collaboration

¹ Indian Institute of Science
² JSC FOMOS-Materials
³ Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University
⁴ Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt
⁵ University of Science and Technology
⁶ Institute for Nuclear Research of NASU
⁷ Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University
⁸ Department of Physics, Soongsil University
⁹ Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science
¹⁰ Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University
¹¹ Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University
¹² Department of Physics, Institut Teknologi
¹³ Kirchhoff-Institute for Physics
¹⁴ Baksan Neutrino Observatory of INR RAS
¹⁵ Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science
¹⁶ Department of Physics, Kohat University of Science and Technology
¹⁷ Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sejong University
¹⁸ National Research Nuclear University MEPhI
¹⁹ Department of Accelerator Science
²⁰ Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science
²¹ Florida Institute of Technology
²² V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
²³ Department of Physics, Abdul Wali Khan University
²⁴ Department of Physics, University of Mataram
²⁵ Tsinghua University
²⁶ National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
²⁷ INFN sezione Roma Tor Vergata
²⁸ INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso

^a sckim@ibs.re.kr
^b wootaekim0726@gmail.com
^c bijayasharma22@gmail.com

Received: 10 July 2024
Accepted: 15 October 2024
Published online: 11 February 2025

Abstract

The AMoRE collaboration searches for neutrinoless double beta decay of $^{100}$ $^{100}$ Mo using molybdate scintillating crystals via low temperature thermal calorimetric detection. The early phases of the experiment, AMoRE-pilot and AMoRE-I, have demonstrated competitive discovery potential. Presently, the AMoRE-II experiment, featuring a large detector array with about 90 kg of $^{100}$ $^{100}$ Mo isotope, is under construction. This paper discusses the baseline design and characterization of the lithium molybdate cryogenic calorimeters to be used in the AMoRE-II detector modules. The results from prototype setups that incorporate new housing structures and two different crystal masses (316 g and 517–521 g), operated at 10 mK temperature, show energy resolutions (FWHM) of 7.55–8.82 keV at the 2.615 MeV $^{208}$ $^{208}$ Tl $γ$ $\gamma$ line and effective light detection of 0.79–0.96 keV/MeV. The simultaneous heat and light detection enables clear separation of alpha particles with a discrimination power of 12.37–19.50 at the energy region around $^{6}$ $^{6}$ Li ${(n, α)}^{3}$ $(n,\alpha )^3$ H with Q-value = 4.785 MeV. Promising detector performances were demonstrated at temperatures as high as 30 mK, which relaxes the temperature constraints for operating the large AMoRE-II array.

The original online version of this article was revised: In this article S. K. Kim was incorrectly denoted as the corresponding author but it should have been S. C. Kim.

An erratum to this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-13991-8.

https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-13991-8

© The Author(s) 2025

corrected publication 2025

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