https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13736-z
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Search for high-frequency gravitational waves with Rydberg atoms
1
Department of Physics, Kyushu University, 819-0395, Fukuoka, Japan
2
Department of Physics, Kobe University, 657-8501, Kobe, Japan
3
International Center for Quantum-field Measurement Systems for Studies of the Universe and Particles (QUP), KEK, 305-0801, Tsukuba, Japan
a
taniguchi.akira.405@s.kyushu-u.ac.jp
Received:
8
October
2024
Accepted:
28
December
2024
Published online:
20
January
2025
We propose high-frequency gravitational wave (GW) detectors with Rydberg atoms. Rydberg atoms are ultra-sensitive detectors of electric fields. By setting up a constant magnetic field, a weak electric field is generated upon the arrival of GWs. The weak electric field signal is then detected by an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in the system of the Rydberg atoms. Recently, the minimum detectable electric field with the Rydberg atoms is further improved by employing superheterodyne detection method. Hence, even the weak signal generated by GWs turns out to be detectable. We calculate the amplitude of Rabi frequency of the Rydberg atoms induced by the GWs and show that the sensitivity of the Rydberg atoms becomes maximum when the size of the Rydberg atoms is close to the wavelength of GWs. We evaluate the minimum detectable amplitude of GWs with Rubidium Rydberg atoms and find that the detector can probe GWs with a frequency and an amplitude around
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© The Author(s) 2025
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