https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13307-2
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
The cosmology of 
gravity: constraining the background and perturbed dynamics
1
Centre for Space Research, North-West University, 2520, Potchefstroom, South Africa
2
Department of Physics, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
3
Entoto Observatory and Research Center, Space Science and Geospatial Institute, Entoto, Ethiopia
4
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
5
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
6
National Institute for Theoretical and Computational Science (NITheCs), Stellnbosch, South Africa
a shambel.sahlu@nithecs.ac.za, sahlushambel@gmail.com
Received:
14
June
2024
Accepted:
25
August
2024
Published online:
27
September
2024
This paper delves into the late-time accelerated expansion of the universe and the evolution of cosmic structures within the context of a specific 
gravity model, formulated as 
. To study the cosmological viability of the model, we employed the latest cosmic measurement datasets: (i) 57 observational Hubble parameter data points (OHD); (ii) 1048 distance moduli data points (SNIa); (iii) a combined dataset (OHD+SNIa); and large scale structure datasets, including (iv) 14 growth rate data points (f); and (v) 30 redshift space distortion data points (f
). These datasets facilitated the constraint of the -gravity model via MCMC simulations, followed by a comparative analysis with the 
CDM model. A comprehensive statistical analysis has been conducted to evaluate the -gravity model’s efficacy in explaining both the accelerated expansion of the universe and the growth of cosmic structures. Using large-scale structure data, we find the best-fit values of 
, 
, 
, 
and 
using f-data and 
, 
, 
, 
, and 
using f-data at the 
and 
confidence levels, respectively, with the model showing substantial observational support based on 
AIC values but less observational support based on the BIC values on Jeffreys’ statistical criteria. On the other hand, from the joint analysis of the OHD+SNIa data, we obtain 
, 
and 
with the Jeffreys’ scale statistical criteria showing the model having substantial support when using OHD data, less observational support with the joint analysis OHD+SNIa, and rejected using SNIa data, compared with CDM at the background level.
© The Author(s) 2024
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Funded by SCOAP3.
