Can we learn from matter creation to solve the tension problem?

Emilio Elizalde; Martiros Khurshudyan; Sergei D. Odintsov

doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13146-1

2024 Impact factor 4.8

Particles and Fields

Open Access

Eur. Phys. J. C (2024) 84: 782
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13146-1

Regular Article - Theoretical Physics

Can we learn from matter creation to solve the $H_{0}$ $H_{0}$ tension problem?

Emilio Elizalde¹, Martiros Khurshudyan¹^,2^b and Sergei D. Odintsov¹^,2^,3

¹ Institute of Space Sciences (ICE-CSIC), C. Can Magrans s/n, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
² Lab. for Theor. Cosmology, International Centre of Gravity and Cosmos, Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radio Electronics (TUSUR), 634050, Tomsk, Russia
³ ICREA, Passeig Luis Companys, 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain

^b khurshudyan@ice.csic.es

Received: 8 February 2024
Accepted: 21 July 2024
Published online: 6 August 2024

Abstract

The $H_{0}$ $H_{0}$ tension problem is studied in the light of a matter creation mechanism (an effective approach to replacing dark energy), the way to define the matter creation rate being of pure phenomenological nature. Bayesian (probabilistic) Machine Learning is used to learn the constraints on the free parameters of the models, with the learning being based on the generated expansion rate, H(z). Taking advantage of the method, the constraints for three redshift ranges are learned. Namely, for the two redshift ranges: $z \in [0, 2]$ $z\in [0,2]$ (cosmic chronometers) and $z \in [0, 2.5]$ $z\in [0,2.5]$ (cosmic chronometers + BAO), covering already available H(z) data, to validate the learned results; and for a third redshift interval, $z \in [0, 5]$ $z\in [0,5]$ , for forecasting purposes. It is learned that the $3 α H_{0}$ $3\alpha H_{0}$ term in the creation rate provides options that have the potential to solve the $H_{0}$ $H_{0}$ tension problem.

© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.