https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-12457-7
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Heavy quark dominance in orbital excitation of singly and doubly heavy baryons
1
School of Physics and Electronic Science, Guizhou Education University, 550018, Guiyang, China
2
Department of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, 071003, Baoding, China
3
China Institute of Atomic Energy, 102413, Beijing, China
Received:
25
December
2023
Accepted:
17
January
2024
Published online:
1
February
2024
A mechanism of the heavy quark dominance in the orbital excitation is proposed in this paper which is testified to be reasonable for singly and doubly heavy baryons. In the relativistic quark model, an analysis of the Hamiltonian figures out the mechanism that the excitation mode with lower energy levels is always associated with the heavy quark(s), and the splitting of the energy levels is suppressed by the heavy quark(s). So, the heavy quarks dominate the orbital excitation of singly and doubly heavy baryons. Furthermore, a physical understanding of this mechanism is given in a semi-classical way. Accordingly, the predicted mass spectra of singly and doubly heavy baryons confirm the rationality of this mechanism. In addition, an interesting consequence of this mechanism is that a heavy-light meson is more likely to be produced in the strong decay of the high-orbital excited states, which is supported by experiments. This mechanism is rooted in the breakdown of the mass symmetry. Therefore, it may be also valid for other multi-quark systems, such as the tetraquarks Qqqq and QQqq, or the pentaquarks Qqqqq and QQqqq.
© The Author(s) 2024
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