Eur. Phys. J. C (2023) 83: 634
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11791-6

Regular Article - Theoretical Physics

Tensor gauge boson dark matter extension of the electroweak sector

Computational Applications, Group, Division of Applied Technologies, National Center for Science and Research ‘Demokritos’, Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece

^a elias.koor@gmail.com

Received: 13 December 2022
Accepted: 30 June 2023
Published online: 18 July 2023

Abstract

The existence of dark matter is explained by a new, massive, neutral, non-symmetric, rank-2 tensor gauge boson (${\text{Z}}_{\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{\nu }}$-boson). The ${\text{Z}}_{\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{\nu }}$-boson can be predicted by the tensor gauge boson extension of the Electro Weak (EW) theory, proposed by Savvidy (Phys Lett B 625:341, 2005). The non-symmetric rank-2 tensor ${\text{Z}}_{\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{\nu }}$ can be decomposed into a symmetric (${\text{Z}}_{(\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{\nu })})$ and anti-symmetric (${\text{Z}}_{[\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{\nu }]})$ part. Based on the non-Lagrangian formulation for the free sector of the ${\text{R}}_{\text{2}}$-theory proposed recently by Criado et al. (Phys Rev D 102:125031, arXiv:2010.02224, 2020), our massive anti-symmetric tensor field ${\text{Z}}_{[\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{\nu }]}$ corresponds to the massive symmetric spinor field ${\text{Z}}_{\mathrm{\alpha }\mathrm{\beta }\mathrm{\gamma }\mathrm{\delta }}$ in the (2,0) irrep. For the massive ${\text{Z}}_{\mathrm{\alpha }\mathrm{\beta }\mathrm{\gamma }\mathrm{\delta }}$ with the ${\text{Z}}_{\text{2}}$-symmetric Higgs portal couplings to a Standard Model (SM) particle, we compute the self-annihilation cross-section of the ${\text{Z}}_{\mathrm{\alpha }\mathrm{\beta }\mathrm{\gamma }\mathrm{\delta }}$ dark matter and calculate its relic abundance. We also study the SM-SM particle scattering due to the exchange of the massive-${\text{Z}}_{(\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{\nu })}$ symmetric field at a high energy scale. This proposition may have far reaching applications in astrophysics and cosmology.