Physical characteristics and maximum allowable mass of hybrid star in the context of f(Q) gravity

Piyali Bhar; Sneha Pradhan; Adnan Malik; P. K. Sahoo

doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11745-y

2024 Impact factor 4.8

Particles and Fields

Open Access

Eur. Phys. J. C (2023) 83: 646
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11745-y

Regular Article - Theoretical Physics

Physical characteristics and maximum allowable mass of hybrid star in the context of f(Q) gravity

Piyali Bhar¹, Sneha Pradhan², Adnan Malik³^,4^c and P. K. Sahoo²^,5

¹ Department of Mathematics, Government General Degree College Singur, 712409, Hooghly, West Bengal, India
² Department of Mathematics, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, 500078, Hyderabad, India
³ School of Mathematical Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
⁴ Department of Mathematics, University of Management and Technology, Sialkot Campus, Sialkot, Pakistan
⁵ Faculty of Mathematics & Computer Science, Transilvania University of Brasov, Eroilor 29, Brasov, Romania

^c adnan.malik@zjnu.edu.cn, adnan.malik@skt.umt.edu.pk

Received: 20 May 2023
Accepted: 20 June 2023
Published online: 21 July 2023

Abstract

In this study, we explore several new characteristics of a static anisotropic hybrid star with strange quark matter (SQM) and ordinary baryonic matter (OBM) distribution. Here, we use the MIT bag model equation of state to connect the density and pressure of SQM inside stars, whereas the linear equation of state $p_{r} = α ρ - β$ $p_r =\alpha \rho -\beta$ connects the radial pressure and matter density caused by baryonic matter. The stellar model was developed under a background of f(Q) gravity using the quadratic form of f(Q). We utilized the Tolman–Kuchowicz ansatz (Tolman in Phys. Rev. 55:364–373, 1939; Kuchowicz in Acta Phys Pol 33: 541, 1968) to find the solutions to the field equations under modified gravity. We have matched the interior solution to the external Schwarzschild spacetime in order to acquire the numerical values of the model parameters. We have selected the star Her X-1 to develop various profiles of the model parameters. Several significant physical characteristics have been examined analytically and graphically, including matter densities, tangential and radial pressures, energy conditions, anisotropy factor, redshirt, compactness, etc. The main finding is that there is no core singularity present in the formations of the star under investigation. The nature of mass and the bag constant $B_{g}$ $$B_g$$ have been studied in details through equi-mass and equi- $B_{g}$ $$B_g$$ contour. The maximum allowable mass and the corresponding radius have been obtained via $M - R$ $$M-R$$ plots.

© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.