Dynamical galactic effects induced by solitonic vortex structure in bosonic dark matter

K. Korshynska; Y. M. Bidasyuk; E. V. Gorbar; Junji Jia; A. I. Yakimenko

doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11548-1

2023 Impact factor 4.2

Particles and Fields

Open Access

Eur. Phys. J. C (2023) 83: 451
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11548-1

Regular Article - Theoretical Physics

Dynamical galactic effects induced by solitonic vortex structure in bosonic dark matter

K. Korshynska¹^,2, Y. M. Bidasyuk², E. V. Gorbar¹^,3, Junji Jia⁴^d and A. I. Yakimenko¹^,5^,6

¹ Department of Physics, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64/13, Volodymyrska Street, 01601, Kyiv, Ukraine
² Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Bundesallee 100, 38116, Braunschweig, Germany
³ Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, 14-b Metrolohichna Street, 03143, Kyiv, Ukraine
⁴ School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei, China
⁵ Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia ’Galileo Galilei’, Universit‘a di Padova, via Marzolo 8, 35131, Padua, Italy
⁶ Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, via Marzolo 8, 35131, Padua, Italy

^d junjijia@whu.edu.cn

Received: 7 February 2023
Accepted: 23 April 2023
Published online: 31 May 2023

Abstract

The nature of dark matter (DM) remains one of the unsolved mysteries of modern physics. An intriguing possibility is to assume that DM consists of ultralight bosonic particles in the Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) state. We study stationary DM structures by using the system of the Gross–Pitaevskii and Poisson equations, including the effective temperature effect with parameters chosen to describe the Milky Way galaxy. We have investigated DM structure with BEC core and isothermal envelope. We compare the spherically symmetric and vortex core states, which allows us to analyze the impact of the core vorticity on the halo density, velocity distribution, and, therefore, its gravitational field. Gravitational field calculation is done in the gravitoelectromagnetism approach to include the impact of the core rotation, which induces a gravimagnetic field. As a result, the halo with a vortex core is characterized by smaller orbital velocity in the galactic disk region in comparison with the non-rotating halo. It is found that the core vorticity produces gravimagnetic perturbation of celestial body dynamics, which can modify the circular trajectories.

© The Author(s) 2023

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