https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11490-2
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Probing geometric proca in metric-palatini gravity with black hole shadow and photon motion
1
Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabancı University, 34956, Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey
2
New Uzbekistan University, Mustaqillik ave. 54, 100007, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
3
Inha University in Tashkent, Ziyolilar 9, 100170, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
4
Institute of Fundamental and Applied Research, National Research University TIIAME, Kori Niyoziy 39, 100000, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
5
Akfa University, Milliy Bog’ Street 264, 111221, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
6
National University of Uzbekistan, 100174, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
7
University of Public Safety of the Republic of Uzbekistan, 100109, Tashkent Region, Uzbekistan
8
Tashkent State Technical University, 100095, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
9
Samarkand State University, University Avenue 15, 140104, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
10
Ulugh Beg Astronomical Institute, Astronomy St 33, 100052, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
b
beyhan.pulice@sabanciuniv.edu
Received:
5
January
2023
Accepted:
6
April
2023
Published online:
24
April
2023
Extended metric-Palatini gravity, quadratic in the antisymmetric part of the affine curvature, is known to lead to the general relativity plus a geometric Proca field. The geometric Proca, equivalent of the non-metricity vector in the torsion-free affine connection, qualifies to be a distinctive signature of the affine curvature. In the present work, we explore how shadow and photon motion near black holes can be used to probe the geometric Proca field. To this end, we derive static spherically symmetric field equations of this Einstein-geometric Proca theory, and show that it admits black hole solutions in asymptotically AdS background. We perform a detailed study of the optical properties and shadow of this black hole and contrast them with the observational data by considering black hole environments with and without plasma. As a useful astrophysical application, we discuss constraints on the Proca field parameters using the observed angular size of the shadow of supermassive black holes M87
and Sgr A in both vacuum and plasma cases. Overall, we find that the geometric Proca can be probed via the black hole observations.
© The Author(s) 2023. corrected publication 2023
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