https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11476-0
Regular Article - Experimental Physics
Constraining the 
coupled channel dynamics using femtoscopic correlations at the LHC
1
A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute) Foundation, Yerevan, Armenia
2
AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
3
Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
4
Department of Physics and Centre for Astroparticle Physics and Space Science (CAPSS), Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
5
California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
6
Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
7
Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN), Havana, Cuba
8
Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico City and Mérida, Mexico
9
Chicago State University, Chicago, IL, USA
10
China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing, China
11
Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
12
Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
13
COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
14
Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA
15
Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
16
Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
17
Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
18
Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
19
Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
20
Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
21
Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
22
Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy
23
Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy
24
Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
25
Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy
26
Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Catania, Italy
27
Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Padua, Italy
28
Dipartimento di Fisica ‘E.R. Caianiello’ dell’Università and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Salerno, Italy
29
Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
30
Dipartimento di Scienze MIFT, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
31
Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica ‘M. Merlin’ and Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy
32
European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
33
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Split, Split, Croatia
34
Faculty of Engineering and Science, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
35
Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
36
Faculty of Physics, Sofia University, Sofia, Bulgaria
37
Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic
38
Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
39
Fudan University, Shanghai, China
40
Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
41
Department of Physics, Gauhati University, Guwahati, India
42
Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
43
Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP), Helsinki, Finland
44
High Energy Physics Group, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
45
Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania
46
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT), Mumbai, India
47
Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
48
Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN, Frascati, Italy
49
Sezione di Bari, INFN, Bari, Italy
50
Sezione di Bologna, INFN, Bologna, Italy
51
Sezione di Cagliari, INFN, Cagliari, Italy
52
Sezione di Catania, INFN, Catania, Italy
53
Sezione di Padova, INFN, Padua, Italy
54
Sezione di Pavia, INFN, Pavia, Italy
55
Sezione di Torino, INFN, Turin, Italy
56
Sezione di Trieste, INFN, Trieste, Italy
57
Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
58
Institute for Gravitational and Subatomic Physics (GRASP), Utrecht University/Nikhef, Utrecht, The Netherlands
59
Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Kosice, Slovak Republic
60
Institute of Physics, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
61
Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
62
Institute of Space Science (ISS), Bucharest, Romania
63
Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
64
Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
65
Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
66
Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
67
National Research Foundation, iThemba LABS, Somerset West, South Africa
68
Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
69
Fachbereich Informatik und Mathematik, Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe Universität Frankfurt Institut für Informatik, Frankfurt, Germany
70
Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
71
KTO Karatay University, Konya, Turkey
72
Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis, Irène Joliot-Curie, Orsay, France
73
Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS-IN2P3, Grenoble, France
74
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
75
Division of Particle Physics, Department of Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
76
Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki, Japan
77
Nara Women’s University (NWU), Nara, Japan
78
Department of Physics, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
79
National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
80
National Institute of Science Education and Research, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Jatni, India
81
National Nuclear Research Center, Baku, Azerbaijan
82
National Research and Innovation Agency-BRIN, Jakarta, Indonesia
83
Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
84
National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Nikhef, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
85
Nuclear Physics Group, STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Daresbury, UK
86
Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Husinec-Řež, Czech Republic
87
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
88
Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
89
Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
90
Physics Department, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
91
Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
92
Physics Department, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
93
Physics Program and International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (SKCM2), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
94
Physikalisches Institut, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
95
Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
96
Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
97
Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
98
Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
99
RIKEN iTHEMS, Wako, Japan
100
Saga University, Saga, Japan
101
Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata, India
102
School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
103
Sección Física, Departamento de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Peru
104
Stefan Meyer Institut für Subatomare Physik (SMI), Vienna, Austria
105
SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, CNRS-IN2P3, Nantes, France
106
Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
107
Technical University of Košice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
108
The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland
109
The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
110
Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Mexico
111
Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
112
Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
113
Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
114
University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
115
University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
116
University of Jyväskylä, Jyvaskyla, Finland
117
University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
118
University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
119
University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
120
University of South-Eastern Norway, Kongsberg, Norway
121
University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
122
University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
123
University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
124
University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
125
University Politehnica of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
126
Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
127
Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon, Université de Lyon, CNRS/IN2P3, Lyon, France
128
Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000, Strasbourg, France
129
Départment de Physique Nucléaire (DPhN), Université Paris-Saclay Centre d’Etudes de Saclay (CEA), IRFU, Saclay, France
130
Università degli Studi di Foggia, Foggia, Italy
131
Università del Piemonte Orientale, Vercelli, Italy
132
Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
133
Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata, India
134
Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
135
Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
136
Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Kernphysik, Münster, Germany
137
Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
138
Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
139
Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
140
Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
141
Zentrum für Technologie und Transfer (ZTT), Worms, Germany
142
Affiliated with an Institute Covered by a Cooperation Agreement with CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
143
Affiliated with an International Laboratory Covered by a Cooperation Agreement with CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
144
Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Bologna, Italy
145
Dipartimento DET del Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
146
Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Japan
147
Helmholtz Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik and Bethe Center for Theoretical Physics, Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
148
Department of Applied Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
149
Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Wroclaw, Wrocław, Poland
150
University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
151
An Institution Covered by a Cooperation Agreement with CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
152
CERN, 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
Received:
22
June
2022
Accepted:
21
July
2022
Published online:
28
April
2023
The interaction of 
with protons is characterised by the presence of several coupled channels, systems like 
n and 
with a similar mass and the same quantum numbers as the p state. The strengths of these couplings to the p system are of crucial importance for the understanding of the nature of the 
resonance and of the attractive p strong interaction. In this article, we present measurements of the p correlation functions in relative momentum space obtained in pp collisions at 
Te, in p–Pb collisions at 
Te, and (semi)peripheral Pb–Pb collisions at Te. The emitting source size, composed of a core radius anchored to the 
p correlation and of a resonance halo specific to each particle pair, varies between 1 and 2 fm in these collision systems. The strength and the effects of the n and inelastic channels on the measured p correlation function are investigated in the different colliding systems by comparing the data with state-of-the-art models of chiral potentials. A novel approach to determine the conversion weights 
, necessary to quantify the amount of produced inelastic channels in the correlation function, is presented. In this method, particle yields are estimated from thermal model predictions, and their kinematic distribution from blast-wave fits to measured data. The comparison of chiral potentials to the measured p interaction indicates that, while the –p dynamics is well reproduced by the model, the coupling to the n channel in the model is currently underestimated.
© The Author(s) 2023
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