https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-11130-1
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Decoherence and Landauer’s principle in qubit-cavity quantum-field-theory interaction
1
Center for Gravitation and Cosmology, College of Physical Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Road, 225002, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
2
Shanghai Frontier Science Center for Gravitational Wave Detection, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
Received:
30
September
2022
Accepted:
12
December
2022
Published online:
10
January
2023
We consider quantum decoherence and Landauer’s principle in qubit-cavity quantum field theory (QFT) interaction, treating the qubit as the system and cavity QFT as the environment. In particular, we investigate the changes that occur in the system with a pure initial state and environment during the decoherence process, with or without energy dissipation, and compare the results with the case in which the initial state of the system is a mixed state and thus decoherence is absent. When we choose an interaction Hamiltonian such that the energy and coherence of the system change simultaneously, the population change of the system and the energy change are the same when the initial state is mixed. However, the decoherence terms increase the von Neumann entropy of the system. In this case the energy change and decoherence of the system are not independent physical processes. The decoherence process maintains unitarity. On the other hand, if the interaction Hamiltonian does not change the energy of the system, there is only the decoherence effect. The environment will be a distribution in the basis of the displaced number state and always increases the energy. Landauer’s principle is satisfied in both cases.
© The Author(s) 2023
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