https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09102-y
Regular Article – Theoretical Physics
Testing weakest force with coldest spot
1
CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
2
School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 310024, Hangzhou, China
3
Tufts Institute of Cosmology, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tufts University, 574 Boston Avenue, 02155, Medford, MA, USA
4
Quantum Universe Center, Korea Institute for Advanced Study, 130-722, Seoul, South Korea
5
School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
b
schwang@cosmos.phy.tufts.edu
Received:
9
December
2020
Accepted:
30
March
2021
Published online:
15
April
2021
Ultra-cold atom experiment in space with microgravity allows for realization of dilute atomic-gas Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) with macroscopically large occupation number and significantly long condensate lifetime, which allows for a precise measurement on the shape oscillation frequency by calibrating itself over numerous oscillation periods. In this paper, we propose to measure the Newtonian gravitational constant via ultra-cold atom BEC with shape oscillation, although it is experimentally challenging. We also make a preliminary perspective on constraining the modified Newtonian potential such as the power-law potential, Yukawa interaction, and fat graviton. A resolution of frequency measurement of 
at most for the occupation number 
, just one order above experimentally achievable number 
, is feasible to constrain the modified Newtonian potential with Yukawa interaction greatly beyond the current exclusion limits.
© The Author(s) 2021
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