https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-08708-y
Regular Article – Experimental Physics
Relativistic Langevin dynamics: charm versus beauty
1
College of Science, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, China
2
Key Laboratory of Quark and Lepton Physics (MOE), Central China Normal University, 430079, Wuhan, China
3
Nano Optical Material and Storage Device Research Center, School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, 430200, Wuhan, China
Received:
7
September
2020
Accepted:
24
November
2020
Published online:
3
December
2020
The production of heavy quarks (charm and beauty) provides unique insights into the transport properties of the Quark–Gluon Plasma (QGP) in heavy-ion collisions. Experimentally, the nuclear modification factor 
and the azimuthal anisotropy coefficient 
of heavy-flavor mesons are powerful observables to study the medium-related effects, such as energy loss and collectivity, on the heavy quark propagation through the QGP evolution. The latest measurements of the prompt and non-prompt open heavy-flavor hadrons allow a systematic comparison of the transport behaviors probed by charm and beauty quarks. In this work we make such an attempt utilizing our recently developed framework. By performing a quantitative investigation of and , it is found that both charm and beauty quarks are efficient probes to capture the dynamical features of QGP, in particular the resulting mass hierarchy for the energy loss and azimuthal anisotropy, which are well inherited by the various D/B-meson species. Moreover, our calculations can describe simultaneously and data for the prompt and non-prompt 
mesons in central (
) and semi-central (
) Pb–Pb collisions at 
. The predictions for B-meson observables for upcoming experimental tests are also made down to the low momentum region.
© The Author(s) 2020
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Funded by SCOAP3
