https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-8382-z
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Gravitational deflection of massive particles in Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetime
1
School of Mathematics and Physics, University of South China, 421001, Hengyang, China
2
Physics and Space Science College, China West Normal University, 637009, Nanchong, China
3
School of information science and Engineering, Chengdu University, 610106, Chengdu, China
4
School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031, Chengdu, China
5
Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 830011, Xinjiang, China
a
hgs@usc.edu.cn
g
pch@usc.edu.cn
h
lwb@usc.edu.cn
Received:
26
June
2020
Accepted:
18
August
2020
Published online:
8
September
2020
In this paper, the gravitational deflection of a relativistic massive neutral particle in the Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetime is studied via the Rindler–Ishak method in the weak-field limit. When the initial velocity 
of the particle tends to the speed of light, the result is consistent with that obtained in the previous work for the light-bending case. Our result is reduced to the Schwarzschild deflection angle of massive particles up to the second order, if the contributions from the cosmological constant 
are dropped. The observable correctional effects due to the deviation of from light speed on the -induced contributions to the deflection angle of light are also analyzed.
© The Author(s) 2020
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