Eur. Phys. J. C (2020) 80: 785
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-8284-0

Regular Article - Experimental Physics

Energy resolution and linearity of XENON1T in the MeV energy range

¹ Physics Department, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
² Department of Physics, Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
³ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna and INFN-Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
⁴ Institut für Physik & Exzellenzcluster PRISMA, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099, Mainz, Germany
⁵ Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
⁶ LIBPhys, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, 3004-516, Coimbra, Portugal
⁷ INAF-Astrophysical Observatory of Torino, Department of Physics, University of Torino and INFN-Torino, 10125, Turin, Italy
⁸ Nikhef and the University of Amsterdam, Science Park, 1098XG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
⁹ New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
¹⁰ Physik-Institut, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
¹¹ Department of Physics, Applied Physics and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
¹² Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
¹³ Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
¹⁴ Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”, University of Napoli and INFN-Napoli, 80126, Naples, Italy
¹⁵ Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
¹⁶ Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
¹⁷ SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, CNRS/IN2P3, Université de Nantes, 44307, Nantes, France
¹⁸ Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of L’Aquila, 67100, L’Aquila, Italy
¹⁹ INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso and Gran Sasso Science Institute, 67100, L’Aquila, Italy
²⁰ LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
²¹ Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
²² Kamioka Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, and Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo, Higashi-Mozumi, Kamioka, Hida, Gifu, 506-1205, Japan
²³ Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8602, Japan
²⁴ Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
²⁵ Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405, Orsay, France
²⁶ Department of Physics, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan
²⁷ Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
²⁸ Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA

^* e-mail: tianyu.zhu@columbia.edu

Received: 10 March 2020
Accepted: 17 July 2020
Published online: 27 August 2020

Abstract

Xenon dual-phase time projection chambers designed to search for weakly interacting massive particles have so far shown a relative energy resolution which degrades with energy above 200 keV due to the saturation effects. This has limited their sensitivity in the search for rare events like the neutrinoless double-beta decay of at its Q value, . For the XENON1T dual-phase time projection chamber, we demonstrate that the relative energy resolution at is as low as () % in its one-ton fiducial mass, and for single-site interactions at . We also present a new signal correction method to rectify the saturation effects of the signal readout system, resulting in more accurate position reconstruction and indirectly improving the energy resolution. The very good result achieved in XENON1T opens up new windows for the xenon dual-phase dark matter detectors to simultaneously search for other rare events.