Eur. Phys. J. C (2020) 80: 668
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-8242-x

Regular Article - Theoretical Physics

-graded mechanics: the classical theory

¹ Department of Physical Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Nakamozu Campus, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
² UFABC, Av. dos Estados 5001, Bangu, CEP 09210-580, Santo André, SP, Brazil
³ CBPF, Rua Dr. Xavier Sigaud 150, Urca, CEP 22290-180, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

^* e-mail: toppan@cbpf.br

Received: 27 March 2020
Accepted: 13 July 2020
Published online: 24 July 2020

Abstract

-graded mechanics admits four types of particles: ordinary bosons, two classes of fermions (fermions belonging to different classes commute among each other) and exotic bosons. In this paper we construct the basic -graded worldline multiplets (extending the cases of one-dimensional supersymmetry) and compute, based on a general scheme, their invariant classical actions and worldline sigma-models. The four basic multiplets contain two bosons and two fermions. They are (2, 2, 0), with two propagating bosons and two propagating fermions, (the ordinary boson is propagating, while the exotic boson is an auxiliary field), (the converse case, the exotic boson is propagating, while the ordinary boson is an auxiliary field) and, finally, (0, 2, 2) with two bosonic auxiliary fields. Classical actions invariant under the -graded superalgebra are constructed for both single multiplets and interacting multiplets. Furthermore, scale-invariant actions can possess a full -graded conformal invariance spanned by 10 generators and containing an sl(2) subalgebra.