Regular Article - Theoretical Physics

High-derivatives and massive electromagnetic models in the Lemaître–Tolman–Bondi spacetime

¹ Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Bahia, Campus Juazeiro, Rodovia BA 210, S/N, Bairro Nova Juazeiro, Juazeiro, BA, 48918-900, Brazil
² Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, 23890-971, Brazil
³ Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, 36036-330, Brazil
⁴ Programa de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Física Aplicada, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-972, Brazil
⁵ Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-972, Brazil

^* e-mail: evertonabreu@ufrrj.br

Received: 19 January 2020
Accepted: 21 February 2020
Published online: 14 March 2020

Abstract

The Maxwell electromagnetic theory embedded in an inhomogeneous Lemaître–Tolman–Bondi (LTB) spacetime background was described a few years back in the literature. However, terms concerning the mass or high-derivatives were not explored. In this work we studied the inhomogeneous spacetime effects on high-derivatives and massive electromagnetic models. We used the LTB metric and calculated the physical quantities of interest, namely the scale factor, density of the eletromagnetic field and Hubble constant, for the Proca and higher-derivative Podolsky models. We found a new singularity in both models, and that the magnetic field must be zero in the Proca model.