Eur. Phys. J. C (2020) 80: 120
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-7642-2

Regular Article - Theoretical Physics

Non-linear interactions in cosmologies with energy exchange

¹ DAMTP, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, University of Cambridge, Wilberforce Rd., Cambridge, CB3 0WA, UK
² College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Egaila, Kuwait

^* e-mail: georgia.kittou@aum.edu.kw

Received: 16 July 2019
Accepted: 10 January 2020
Published online: 13 February 2020

Abstract

We investigate the case of two interacting fluids in homogeneous and isotropic cosmologies with a non-linear interaction term. The interaction term avoids the unrealistic form generally used in the literature, beginning with Tolman, in which the interaction is zero when the Hubble parameter vanishes. A variety of exact solutions for the scale factor are found and describe a range of new behaviors. We also extend the analysis of possible cosmological solutions with interacting fluids when curvature is taken into consideration. We use an example of energy exchange between radiation and scalar field to alleviate the flatness problem.