Characterization of 30 Ge enriched Broad Energy Ge detectors for GERDA Phase II

M. Agostini; A. M. Bakalyarov; E. Andreotti; M. Balata; I. Barabanov; L. Baudis; N. Barros; C. Bauer; E. Bellotti; S. Belogurov; G. Benato; A. Bettini; L. Bezrukov; T. Bode; D. Borowicz; V. Brudanin; R. Brugnera; D. Budjáš; A. Caldwell; C. Cattadori; A. Chernogorov; V. D’Andrea; E. V. Demidova; N. Di Marco; A. Domula; E. Doroshkevich; V. Egorov; R. Falkenstein; K. Freund; A. Gangapshev; A. Garfagnini; C. Gooch; P. Grabmayr; V. Gurentsov; K. Gusev; J. Hakenmüller; A. Hegai; M. Heisel; S. Hemmer; R. Hiller; W. Hofmann; M. Hult; L. V. Inzhechik; J. Janicskó Csáthy; J. Jochum; M. Junker; V. Kazalov; Y. Kermaïdic; T. Kihm; I. V. Kirpichnikov; A. Kirsch; A. Kish; A. Klimenko; R. Kneißl; K. T. Knöpfle; O. Kochetov; V. N. Kornoukhov; V. V. Kuzminov; M. Laubenstein; A. Lazzaro; B. Lehnert; Y. Liao; M. Lindner; I. Lippi; A. Lubashevskiy; B. Lubsandorzhiev; G. Lutter; C. Macolino; B. Majorovits; W. Maneschg; G. Marissens; M. Miloradovic; R. Mingazheva; M. Misiaszek; P. Moseev; I. Nemchenok; K. Panas; L. Pandola; K. Pelczar; A. Pullia; C. Ransom; S. Riboldi; N. Rumyantseva; C. Sada; F. Salamida; M. Salathe; C. Schmitt; B. Schneider; S. Schönert; A.-K. Schütz; O. Schulz; B. Schwingenheuer; O. Selivanenko; E. Shevchik; M. Shirchenko; H. Simgen; A. Smolnikov; L. Stanco; L. Vanhoefer; A. A. Vasenko; A. Veresnikova; K. von Sturm; V. Wagner; A. Wegmann; T. Wester; C. Wiesinger; M. Wojcik; E. Yanovich; I. Zhitnikov; S. V. Zhukov; D. Zinatulina; A. J. Zsigmond; K. Zuber; G. Zuzel

doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-7353-8

2021 Impact factor 4.991

Particles and Fields

Open Access

Eur. Phys. J. C (2019) 79: 978
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-7353-8

Regular Article - Experimental Physics

Characterization of 30 Ge enriched Broad Energy Ge detectors for GERDA Phase II

M. Agostini¹⁶, A. M. Bakalyarov¹⁴, E. Andreotti⁷, M. Balata¹, I. Barabanov¹², L. Baudis²⁰, N. Barros⁵, C. Bauer⁸, E. Bellotti⁹^,10, S. Belogurov¹²^,13, G. Benato²⁰, A. Bettini¹⁷^,18, L. Bezrukov¹², T. Bode¹⁶, D. Borowicz⁶, V. Brudanin⁶, R. Brugnera¹⁷^,18, D. Budjáš¹⁶, A. Caldwell¹⁵, C. Cattadori¹⁰, A. Chernogorov¹³, V. D’Andrea², E. V. Demidova¹³, N. Di Marco¹, A. Domula⁵, E. Doroshkevich¹², V. Egorov⁶, R. Falkenstein¹⁹, K. Freund¹⁹, A. Gangapshev⁸^,12, A. Garfagnini¹⁷^,18, C. Gooch¹⁵, P. Grabmayr¹⁹, V. Gurentsov¹², K. Gusev⁶^,14^,16, J. Hakenmüller⁸, A. Hegai¹⁹, M. Heisel⁸, S. Hemmer¹⁸, R. Hiller²⁰, W. Hofmann⁸, M. Hult⁷, L. V. Inzhechik¹², J. Janicskó Csáthy¹⁶, J. Jochum¹⁹, M. Junker¹, V. Kazalov¹², Y. Kermaïdic⁸, T. Kihm⁸, I. V. Kirpichnikov¹³, A. Kirsch⁸, A. Kish²⁰, A. Klimenko⁶^,8, R. Kneißl¹⁵, K. T. Knöpfle⁸, O. Kochetov⁶, V. N. Kornoukhov¹²^,13, V. V. Kuzminov¹², M. Laubenstein¹, A. Lazzaro¹⁶, B. Lehnert⁵, Y. Liao¹⁵, M. Lindner⁸, I. Lippi¹⁸, A. Lubashevskiy⁶, B. Lubsandorzhiev¹², G. Lutter⁷, C. Macolino¹, B. Majorovits¹⁵, W. Maneschg⁸, G. Marissens⁷, M. Miloradovic²⁰, R. Mingazheva²⁰, M. Misiaszek⁴, P. Moseev¹², I. Nemchenok⁶, K. Panas⁴, L. Pandola³, K. Pelczar¹, A. Pullia¹¹, C. Ransom²⁰, S. Riboldi¹¹, N. Rumyantseva⁶^,14, C. Sada¹⁷^,18, F. Salamida², M. Salathe⁸, C. Schmitt¹⁹, B. Schneider⁵, S. Schönert¹⁶, A.-K. Schütz¹⁹, O. Schulz¹⁵, B. Schwingenheuer⁸, O. Selivanenko¹², E. Shevchik⁶, M. Shirchenko⁶, H. Simgen⁸, A. Smolnikov⁶^,8, L. Stanco¹⁸, L. Vanhoefer¹⁵, A. A. Vasenko¹³, A. Veresnikova¹², K. von Sturm¹⁷^,18, V. Wagner⁸, A. Wegmann⁸, T. Wester⁵, C. Wiesinger¹⁶, M. Wojcik⁴, E. Yanovich¹², I. Zhitnikov⁶, S. V. Zhukov¹⁴, D. Zinatulina⁶, A. J. Zsigmond¹⁵, K. Zuber⁵, G. Zuzel⁴ and GERDA Collaboration

¹ INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, LNGS, Assergi, Italy
² INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso and Università degli Studi dell’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
³ INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Catania, Italy
⁴ Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
⁵ Institut für Kern- und Teilchenphysik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
⁶ Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
⁷ European Commission, JRC-Geel, Geel, Belgium
⁸ Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany
⁹ Dipartimento di Fisica, Università Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
¹⁰ INFN Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
¹¹ Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano e INFN Milano, Milan, Italy
¹² Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
¹³ Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, NRC “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow, Russia
¹⁴ National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow, Russia
¹⁵ Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany
¹⁶ Physik Department and Excellence Cluster Universe, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
¹⁷ Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
¹⁸ INFN Padova, Padua, Italy
¹⁹ Physikalisches Institut, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
²⁰ Physik Institut der Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland

^* e-mail: gerda-eb@mpi-hd.mpg.de

Received: 18 January 2019
Accepted: 28 September 2019
Published online: 27 November 2019

Abstract

The GERmanium Detector Array (Gerda) is a low background experiment located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy, which searches for neutrinoless double-beta decay of Ge into Se+2e. Gerda has been conceived in two phases. Phase II, which started in December 2015, features several novelties including 30 new ⁷⁶Ge enriched detectors. These were manufactured according to the Broad Energy Germanium (BEGe) detector design that has a better background discrimination capability and energy resolution compared to formerly widely-used types. Prior to their installation, the new BEGe detectors were mounted in vacuum cryostats and characterized in detail in the Hades underground laboratory in Belgium. This paper describes the properties and the overall performance of these detectors during operation in vacuum. The characterization campaign provided not only direct input for Gerda Phase II data collection and analyses, but also allowed to study detector phenomena, detector correlations as well as to test the accuracy of pulse shape simulation codes.