https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-6637-3
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Generalized superconductors from the coupling of a scalar field to the Einstein tensor and their refractive index in massive gravity
1
Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Department of Physics, Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China
2
Center for Gravitation and Cosmology, College of Physical Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
* e-mail: panqiyuan@126.com
Received:
30
August
2018
Accepted:
31
January
2019
Published online:
19
February
2019
We construct the generalized superconductors from the coupling of a scalar field to the Einstein tensor in the massive gravity and investigate their negative refraction in the probe limit. We observe that the larger graviton mass and Einstein tensor coupling parameters both hinder the formation of the condensation, but the larger graviton mass or smaller coupling parameter makes it easier for the emergence of the Cave of Winds. Furthermore, we see that the larger graviton mass but smaller coupling parameter make the range of frequencies or the range of temperatures larger for which a negative Depine–Lakhtakia index occurs, which indicates that the graviton mass and Einstein tensor have completely different effects on the negative refraction. In addition, we find that the larger graviton mass and coupling parameters both can reduce the dissipation and improve the propagation in the holographic setup.
© The Author(s), 2019
