https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-6588-8
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Odderon and proton substructure from a model-independent Lévy imaging of elastic pp and 
collisions
1
MTA WIGNER FK, POB 49, Budapest 114, 1525, Hungary
2
EKU KRC, Mátrai út 36, Gyöngyös, 3200, Hungary
3
CERN, 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
4
Department of Astronomy and Theoretical Physics, Lund University, 223 62, Lund, Sweden
5
Nuclear Physics Institute ASCR, 25068, Řež, Czech Republic
* e-mail: roman.pasechnik@thep.lu.se
Received:
5
October
2018
Accepted:
13
January
2019
Published online:
28
January
2019
We describe a new and model-independent Lévy imaging method of quality fits to the published datasets and reconstruct the amplitude of high-energy pp and elastic scattering processes. This method allows us to determine the excitation function of the shadow profile P(b), the elastic slope B(t) and the nuclear phase 
functions of pp and collisions directly from the data. Surprisingly, notable qualitative differences in B(t) for pp and for collisions point towards an Odderon effect. As a by-product, we clearly identify the proton substructure with two different sizes at the ISR and LHC energies, that has striking similarity to a dressed quark (at the ISR) and a dressed diquark (at the LHC). We present model-independent results for the corresponding sizes and cross-sections for such a substructure for the existing data at different energies.
© The Author(s), 2019
