An algorithm for the reconstruction of high-energy neutrino-induced particle showers and its application to the ANTARES neutrino telescope

A. Albert; M. André; M. Anghinolfi; G. Anton; M. Ardid; J.-J. Aubert; T. Avgitas; B. Baret; J. Barrios-Martí; S. Basa; V. Bertin; S. Biagi; R. Bormuth; S. Bourret; M. C. Bouwhuis; R. Bruijn; J. Brunner; J. Busto; A. Capone; L. Caramete; J. Carr; S. Celli; T. Chiarusi; M. Circella; J. A. B. Coelho; A. Coleiro; R. Coniglione; H. Costantini; P. Coyle; A. Creusot; A. Deschamps; G. De Bonis; C. Distefano; I. Di Palma; A. Domi; C. Donzaud; D. Dornic; D. Drouhin; T. Eberl; I. El Bojaddaini; D. Elsässer; A. Enzenhöfer; I. Felis; F. Folger; L. A. Fusco; S. Galatà; P. Gay; V. Giordano; H. Glotin; T. Grégoire; R. Gracia Ruiz; K. Graf; S. Hallmann; H. van Haren; A. J. Heijboer; Y. Hello; J. J. Hernández-Rey; J. Hößl; J. Hofestädt; C. Hugon; G. Illuminati; C. W. James; M. de Jong; M. Jongen; M. Kadler; O. Kalekin; U. Katz; D. Kießling; A. Kouchner; M. Kreter; I. Kreykenbohm; V. Kulikovskiy; C. Lachaud; R. Lahmann; D. Lefèvre; E. Leonora; M. Lotze; S. Loucatos; M. Marcelin; A. Margiotta; A. Marinelli; J. A. Martínez-Mora; R. Mele; K. Melis; T. Michael; P. Migliozzi; A. Moussa; E. Nezri; M. Organokov; G. E. Păvălaş; C. Pellegrino; C. Perrina; P. Piattelli; V. Popa; T. Pradier; L. Quinn; C. Racca; G. Riccobene; A. Sánchez-Losa; M. Saldaña; I. Salvadori; D. F. E. Samtleben; M. Sanguineti; P. Sapienza; F. Schüssler; C. Sieger; M. Spurio; Th. Stolarczyk; M. Taiuti; Y. Tayalati; A. Trovato; D. Turpin; C. Tönnis; B. Vallage; V. Van Elewyck; F. Versari; D. Vivolo; A. Vizzoca; J. Wilms; J. D. Zornoza; J. Zúñiga

doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-4979-2

2021 Impact factor 4.991

Particles and Fields

Open Access

Eur. Phys. J. C (2017) 77: 419
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-4979-2

Regular Article - Experimental Physics

An algorithm for the reconstruction of high-energy neutrino-induced particle showers and its application to the ANTARES neutrino telescope

A. Albert¹, M. André², M. Anghinolfi³, G. Anton⁴, M. Ardid⁵, J.-J. Aubert⁶, T. Avgitas⁷, B. Baret⁷, J. Barrios-Martí⁸, S. Basa⁹, V. Bertin⁶, S. Biagi¹⁰, R. Bormuth¹¹^,12, S. Bourret⁷, M. C. Bouwhuis¹¹, R. Bruijn¹¹^,13, J. Brunner⁶, J. Busto⁶, A. Capone¹⁴^,15, L. Caramete¹⁶, J. Carr⁶, S. Celli¹⁴^,15^,17, T. Chiarusi¹⁸, M. Circella¹⁹, J. A. B. Coelho⁷, A. Coleiro⁷^,8, R. Coniglione¹⁰, H. Costantini⁶, P. Coyle⁶, A. Creusot⁷, A. Deschamps²⁰, G. De Bonis¹⁴^,15, C. Distefano¹⁰, I. Di Palma¹⁴^,15, A. Domi³^,21, C. Donzaud⁷^,22, D. Dornic⁶, D. Drouhin¹, T. Eberl⁴^*, I. El Bojaddaini²³, D. Elsässer²⁴, A. Enzenhöfer⁶, I. Felis⁵, F. Folger⁴, L. A. Fusco¹⁸^,25, S. Galatà⁷, P. Gay⁷^,26, V. Giordano²⁷, H. Glotin²⁸^,29^,30, T. Grégoire⁷, R. Gracia Ruiz⁷, K. Graf⁴, S. Hallmann⁴, H. van Haren³¹, A. J. Heijboer¹¹, Y. Hello²⁰, J. J. Hernández-Rey⁸, J. Hößl⁴, J. Hofestädt⁴, C. Hugon³^,21, G. Illuminati⁸, C. W. James⁴, M. de Jong¹¹^,12, M. Jongen¹¹, M. Kadler²⁴, O. Kalekin⁴, U. Katz⁴, D. Kießling⁴, A. Kouchner⁷^,30, M. Kreter²⁴, I. Kreykenbohm³², V. Kulikovskiy⁶^,33, C. Lachaud⁷, R. Lahmann⁴, D. Lefèvre³⁴^,35, E. Leonora²⁷^,36, M. Lotze⁸, S. Loucatos⁷^,37, M. Marcelin⁹, A. Margiotta¹⁸^,25, A. Marinelli³⁸^,39, J. A. Martínez-Mora⁵, R. Mele⁴⁰^,41, K. Melis¹¹^,13, T. Michael¹¹, P. Migliozzi⁴⁰, A. Moussa²³, E. Nezri⁹, M. Organokov⁴², G. E. Păvălaş¹⁶, C. Pellegrino¹⁸^,25, C. Perrina¹⁴^,15, P. Piattelli¹⁰, V. Popa¹⁶, T. Pradier⁴², L. Quinn⁶, C. Racca¹, G. Riccobene¹⁰, A. Sánchez-Losa¹⁹, M. Saldaña⁵, I. Salvadori⁶, D. F. E. Samtleben¹¹^,12, M. Sanguineti³^,21, P. Sapienza¹⁰, F. Schüssler³⁷, C. Sieger⁴, M. Spurio¹⁸^,25, Th. Stolarczyk³⁷, M. Taiuti³^,21, Y. Tayalati⁴³, A. Trovato¹⁰, D. Turpin⁶, C. Tönnis⁸, B. Vallage⁷^,37, V. Van Elewyck⁷^,30, F. Versari¹⁸^,25, D. Vivolo⁴⁰^,41, A. Vizzoca¹⁴^,15, J. Wilms³², J. D. Zornoza⁸ and J. Zúñiga⁸

¹ GRPHE, Université de Haute Alsace, Institut universitaire de technologie de Colmar, 34 rue du Grillenbreit, BP 50568, 68008, Colmar, France
² Laboratory of Applied Bioacoustics, Rambla Exposició, Technical University of Catalonia, 08800, Vilanova i la Geltrú, Barcelona, Spain
³ INFN-Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146, Genoa, Italy
⁴ Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
⁵ Institut d’Investigació per a la Gestió Integrada de les Zones Costaneres (IGIC), Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Paranimf 1, 46730, Gandia, Spain
⁶ Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
⁷ APC, Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Obs de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
⁸ IFIC, Instituto de Física Corpuscular (CSIC-Universitat de València) c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
⁹ LAM, Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille, Pôle de l’Étoile Site de Château-Gombert, rue Frédéric Joliot-Curie 38, 13388, Marseille Cedex 13, France
¹⁰ INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS), Via S. Sofia 62, 95123, Catania, Italy
¹¹ Nikhef, Science Park, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
¹² Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratorium, Universiteit Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands
¹³ Universiteit van Amsterdam, Instituut voor Hoge-Energie Fysica, Science Park 105, 1098 XG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
¹⁴ INFN, Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185, Rome, Italy
¹⁵ Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università La Sapienza, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185, Rome, Italy
¹⁶ Institute for Space Science, 077125, Bucharest, Măgurele, Romania
¹⁷ Gran Sasso Science Institute, Viale Francesco Crispi 7, 00167, L’Aquila, Italy
¹⁸ INFN, Sezione di Bologna, Viale Berti-Pichat 6/2, 40127, Bologna, Italy
¹⁹ INFN, Sezione di Bari, Via E. Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
²⁰ Géoazur, UCA, CNRS, IRD, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, Sophia Antipolis, France
²¹ Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146, Genoa, Italy
²² Université Paris-Sud, 91405, Orsay Cedex, France
²³ Laboratory of Physics of Matter and Radiations, University Mohammed I, B.P.717, 6000, Oujda, Morocco
²⁴ Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Universität Würzburg, Emil-Fischer Str. 31, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
²⁵ Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127, Bologna, Italy
²⁶ Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire, Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS/IN2P3, BP 10448, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
²⁷ INFN, Sezione di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
²⁸ LSIS, Aix Marseille Université CNRS ENSAM LSIS UMR 7296, 13397, Marseille, France
²⁹ Université de Toulon CNRS LSIS UMR 7296, 83957, La Garde, France
³⁰ Institut Universitaire de France, 75005, Paris, France
³¹ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), Landsdiep 4, 1797 SZ, ’t Horntje (Texel), The Netherlands
³² Dr. Remeis-Sternwarte and ECAP, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Sternwartstr. 7, 96049, Bamberg, Germany
³³ Moscow State University, Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Leninskie gory, 119991, Moscow, Russia
³⁴ Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), Aix-Marseille University, 13288, Marseille Cedex 9, France
³⁵ Université du Sud Toulon-Var, CNRS-INSU/IRD UM 110, 83957, La Garde Cedex, France
³⁶ Dipartimento di Fisica ed Astronomia dell’Università, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
³⁷ Direction des Sciences de la Matière, Institut de recherche sur les lois fondamentales de l’Univers, Service de Physique des Particules, CEA Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
³⁸ INFN, Sezione di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127, Pisa, Italy
³⁹ Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127, Pisa, Italy
⁴⁰ INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Via Cintia, 80126, Naples, Italy
⁴¹ Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università Federico II di Napoli, Via Cintia, 80126, Naples, Italy
⁴² Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000, Strasbourg, France
⁴³ University Mohammed V in Rabat, Faculty of Sciences, 4 av. Ibn Battouta, B.P. 1014, R.P. 10000, Rabat, Morocco

^* e-mail: Thomas.Eberl@fau.de

Received: 10 March 2017
Accepted: 2 June 2017
Published online: 21 June 2017

Abstract

A novel algorithm to reconstruct neutrino-induced particle showers within the ANTARES neutrino telescope is presented. The method achieves a median angular resolution of for shower energies below 100 TeV. Applying this algorithm to 6 years of data taken with the ANTARES detector, 8 events with reconstructed shower energies above 10 TeV are observed. This is consistent with the expectation of about 5 events from atmospheric backgrounds, but also compatible with diffuse astrophysical flux measurements by the IceCube collaboration, from which 2–4 additional events are expected. A C.L. upper limit on the diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux with a value per neutrino flavour of is set, applicable to the energy range from 23 TeV to 7.8 PeV, assuming an unbroken spectrum and neutrino flavour equipartition at Earth.