https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-016-4571-1
Regular Article - Experimental Physics
Charged-particle multiplicities in proton–proton collisions at 
to 8 TeV
1
A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute) Foundation, Yerevan, Armenia
2
Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
3
Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kiev, Ukraine
4
Department of Physics, Centre for Astroparticle Physics and Space Science (CAPSS), Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
5
Budker Institute for Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia
6
California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
7
Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
8
Centre de Calcul de l’IN2P3, Villeurbanne, France
9
Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN), Havana, Cuba
10
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
11
Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico City, Mérida, Mexico
12
Centro Fermi-Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche “Enrico Fermi”, Rome, Italy
13
Chicago State University, Chicago, IL, USA
14
China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing, China
15
Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, IRFU, Saclay, France
16
COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Islamabad, Pakistan
17
Departamento de Física de Partículas and IGFAE, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
18
Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
19
Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
20
Department of Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
21
Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
22
Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
23
Dipartimento di Elettrotecnica ed Elettronica del Politecnico, Bari, Italy
24
Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università ‘La Sapienza’ and Sezione INFN, Rome, Italy
25
Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy
26
Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy
27
Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
28
Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy
29
Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Catania, Italy
30
Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Padua, Italy
31
Dipartimento di Fisica ‘E.R. Caianiello’ dell’Università and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Salerno, Italy
32
Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica dell’Università del Piemonte Orientale and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Alessandria, Italy
33
Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica ‘M. Merlin’ and Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy
34
Division of Experimental High Energy Physics, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden
35
Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
36
European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
37
Excellence Cluster Universe, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
38
Faculty of Engineering, Bergen University College, Bergen, Norway
39
Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
40
Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
41
Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Kosice, Slovakia
42
Faculty of Technology, Buskerud and Vestfold University College, Vestfold, Norway
43
Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
44
Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea
45
Department of Physics, Gauhati University, Guwahati, India
46
Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP), Helsinki, Finland
47
Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
48
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT), Mumbai, India
49
Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IITI), Indore, India
50
Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
51
Institut de Physique Nucléaire d’Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud, CNRS-IN2P3, Orsay, France
52
Institut für Informatik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
53
Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
54
Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
55
Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS-IN2P3, Strasbourg, France
56
Institute for Nuclear Research, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
57
Institute for Subatomic Physics of Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
58
Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
59
Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Kosice, Slovakia
60
Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
61
Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar, India
62
Institute of Space Science (ISS), Bucharest, Romania
63
Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
64
Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
65
iThemba LABS, National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa
66
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Dubna, Russia
67
Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
68
Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, South Korea
69
KTO Karatay University, Konya, Turkey
70
Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire (LPC), Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS-IN2P3, Clermont-Ferrand, France
71
Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS-IN2P3, Grenoble, France
72
Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN, Frascati, Italy
73
Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, INFN, Legnaro, Italy
74
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
75
Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
76
Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki, Japan
77
National Centre for Nuclear Studies, Warsaw, Poland
78
National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania
79
National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar, India
80
Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
81
Nikhef, Nationaal instituut voor subatomaire fysica, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
82
Nuclear Physics Group, STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Daresbury, UK
83
Nuclear Physics Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Řež u Prahy, Czech Republic
84
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
85
Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia
86
Physics Department, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA
87
Physics Department, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
88
Physics Department, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
89
Physics Department, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
90
Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
91
Physics Department, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
92
Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
93
Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
94
Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
95
Pusan National University, Pusan, South Korea
96
Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
97
Rudjer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
98
Russian Federal Nuclear Center (VNIIEF), Sarov, Russia
99
Russian Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia
100
Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India
101
School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
102
Sección Física, Departamento de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Peru
103
Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy
104
Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy
105
Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy
106
Sezione INFN, Catania, Italy
107
Sezione INFN, Padua, Italy
108
Sezione INFN, Rome, Italy
109
Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy
110
Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
111
SSC IHEP of NRC Kurchatov institute, Protvino, Russia
112
Stefan Meyer Institut für Subatomare Physik (SMI), Vienna, Austria
113
SUBATECH, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, Université de Nantes, CNRS-IN2P3, Nantes, France
114
Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
115
Technical University of Košice, Kosice, Slovakia
116
Technical University of Split FESB, Split, Croatia
117
The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
118
Physics Department, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
119
Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Mexico
120
Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
121
Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
122
University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
123
University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
124
University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
125
University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
126
University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
127
University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
128
University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
129
University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
130
Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, IPN-Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
131
V. Fock Institute for Physics, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
132
Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata, India
133
Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
134
Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
135
Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
136
Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
137
Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
138
Zentrum für Technologietransfer und Telekommunikation (ZTT), Fachhochschule Worms, Worms, Germany
139
CERN, 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
* e-mail: alice-publications@cern.ch
Received:
9
November
2015
Accepted:
13
December
2016
Published online:
17
January
2017
A detailed study of pseudorapidity densities and multiplicity distributions of primary charged particles produced in proton–proton collisions, at 
0.9, 2.36, 2.76, 7 and 8 TeV, in the pseudorapidity range 
, was carried out using the ALICE detector. Measurements were obtained for three event classes: inelastic, non-single diffractive and events with at least one charged particle in the pseudorapidity interval 
. The use of an improved track-counting algorithm combined with ALICE’s measurements of diffractive processes allows a higher precision compared to our previous publications. A KNO scaling study was performed in the pseudorapidity intervals 
0.5, 1.0 and 1.5. The data are compared to other experimental results and to models as implemented in Monte Carlo event generators PHOJET and recent tunes of PYTHIA6, PYTHIA8 and EPOS.
© CERN for the benefit of the ALICE collaboration, 2017
