https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3710-4
Regular Article - Experimental Physics
Combination of measurements of inclusive deep inelastic 
scattering cross sections and QCD analysis of HERA data
H1 and ZEUS Collaborations
1
I. Physikalisches Institut der RWTH, Aachen, Germany
2
Institute of Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education and Science of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kazakhstan
3
Inter-University Institute for High Energies ULB-VUB, Brussels and Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerpen, Belgium
4
Univerzitet u Banjoj Luci, Arhitektonsko-gra d̄ ko-geodetski fakultet, Banja Luka, Bosnia-Herzegovina
5
Universität Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
6
School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
7
INFN Bologna, Bologna, Italy
8
University and INFN Bologna, Bologna, Italy
9
Physikalisches Institut der Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
10
National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (NIPNE), Bucharest, Romania
11
Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
12
Physics Department and INFN, Calabria University, Cosenza, Italy
13
STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire, UK
14
Institut für Physik, TU Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
15
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
16
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
17
CEA, DSM/Irfu, CE-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
18
School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
19
II. Physikalisches Institut, Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
20
Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
21
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
22
Physikalisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
23
Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic
24
The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
25
Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH-University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
26
Department of Physics, Jagellonian University, Kraków, Poland
27
National Centre for Particle Physics, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
28
Institute for Nuclear Research, National Academy of Sciences, Kyiv, Ukraine
29
Department of Nuclear Physics, National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
30
Department of Physics, University of Lancaster, Lancaster, UK
31
Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
32
School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary, University of London, London, UK
33
Physics and Astronomy Department, University College London, London, UK
34
Aix Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM UMR 7346, Marseille, 13288, France
35
Departamento de Fisica Aplicada, CINVESTAV, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
36
Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
37
Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia
38
Institute for Information Transmission Problems RAS, Moscow, Russia
39
Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
40
Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany
41
Department of Physics, York University, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada
42
LAL, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Orsay, France
43
Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
44
INFN Padova, Padova, Italy
45
Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’ Università and INFN, Padua, Italy
46
LLR, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, Palaiseau, France
47
Faculty of Science, University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro
48
Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Praha, Czech Republic
49
Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Praha, Czech Republic
50
Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2T8, Canada
51
Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel
52
Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma Tre and INFN Roma 3, Rome, Italy
53
Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Sofia, Bulgaria
54
Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, School of Physics, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
55
Polytechnic University, Tokyo, Japan
56
Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
57
Università di Torino and INFN, Turin, Italy
58
Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, and INFN, Turin, Italy
59
Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK, Tsukuba, Japan
60
Institute of Physics and Technology of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
61
IPNL, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, Villeurbanne, France
62
Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
63
Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
64
National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
65
Fachbereich C, Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
66
Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia
67
Faculty of General Education, Meiji Gakuin University, Yokohama, Japan
68
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Zeuthen, Germany
69
Institut für Teilchenphysik, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
70
Physik-Institut der Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
* e-mail: sschmitt@mail.desy.de
Received:
22
June
2015
Accepted:
29
September
2015
Published online:
8
December
2015
A combination is presented of all inclusive deep inelastic cross sections previously published by the H1 and ZEUS collaborations at HERA for neutral and charged current 
scattering for zero beam polarisation. The data were taken at proton beam energies of 920, 820, 575 and 460 GeV and an electron beam energy of 27.5 GeV. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of about 1 fb
and span six orders of magnitude in negative four-momentum-transfer squared, 
, and Bjorken x. The correlations of the systematic uncertainties were evaluated and taken into account for the combination. The combined cross sections were input to QCD analyses at leading order, next-to-leading order and at next-to-next-to-leading order, providing a new set of parton distribution functions, called HERAPDF2.0. In addition to the experimental uncertainties, model and parameterisation uncertainties were assessed for these parton distribution functions. Variants of HERAPDF2.0 with an alternative gluon parameterisation, HERAPDF2.0AG, and using fixed-flavour-number schemes, HERAPDF2.0FF, are presented. The analysis was extended by including HERA data on charm and jet production, resulting in the variant HERAPDF2.0Jets. The inclusion of jet-production cross sections made a simultaneous determination of these parton distributions and the strong coupling constant possible, resulting in 
. An extraction of 
and results on electroweak unification and scaling violations are also presented.
© The Author(s), 2015
