Eur. Phys. J. C (2015) 75: 141
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3268-1

Regular Article - Theoretical Physics

Quantum liquids resulting from quark systems with four-quark interaction

¹ Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
² Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Oblast, Russia
³ Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine

^* e-mail: Gennady.Zinovjev@cern.ch

Received: 1 August 2014
Accepted: 11 January 2015
Published online: 27 March 2015

Abstract

Quark ensembles influenced by strong stochastic vacuum gluon fields are investigated within the four-fermion interaction approximation. The comparative analysis of several quantum liquid models is performed and this analysis leads to the conclusion that the presence of a gas–liquid phase transition is their characteristic feature. The problem of the instability of small quark number droplets is discussed and it is argued that it is rooted in the chiral soliton formation. The existence of a mixed phase of the vacuum and baryon matter is proposed as a possible explanation of the latter stability.