Measurement of the atmospheric ν μ energy spectrum from 100 GeV to 200 TeV with the ANTARES telescope

S. Adrián-Martínez; A. Albert; I. Al Samarai; M. André; M. Anghinolfi; G. Anton; S. Anvar; M. Ardid; T. Astraatmadja; J.-J. Aubert; B. Baret; J. Barrios-Martí; S. Basa; V. Bertin; S. Biagi; C. Bigongiari; C. Bogazzi; B. Bouhou; M. C. Bouwhuis; R. Bruijn; J. Brunner; J. Busto; A. Capone; L. Caramete; C. Cârloganu; J. Carr; S. Cecchini; Z. Charif; Ph. Charvis; T. Chiarusi; M. Circella; F. Classen; L. Core; H. Costantini; P. Coyle; A. Creusot; C. Curtil; I. Dekeyser; A. Deschamps; G. De Bonis; M. P. Decowski; C. Distefano; C. Donzaud; D. Dornic; Q. Dorosti; D. Drouhin; A. Dumas; T. Eberl; U. Emanuele; A. Enzenhöfer; J.-P. Ernenwein; S. Escoffier; K. Fehn; P. Fermani; V. Flaminio; F. Folger; U. Fritsch; L. A. Fusco; S. Galatà; P. Gay; S. Geißelsöder; K. Geyer; G. Giacomelli; V. Giordano; A. Gleixner; J. P. Gómez-González; K. Graf; G. Guillard; H. van Haren; A. J. Heijboer; Y. Hello; J. J. Hernández-Rey; B. Herold; J. Hößl; C. W. James; M. de Jong; M. Kadler; O. Kalekin; A. Kappes; U. Katz; P. Kooijman; A. Kouchner; I. Kreykenbohm; V. Kulikovskiy; R. Lahmann; E. Lambard; G. Lambard; G. Larosa; D. Lattuada; D. Lefèvre; E. Leonora; D. Lo Presti; H. Loehner; S. Loucatos; F. Louis; S. Mangano; M. Marcelin; A. Margiotta; J. A. Martínez-Mora; S. Martini; T. Michael; T. Montaruli; M. Morganti; H. Motz; C. Mueller; M. Neff; E. Nezri; D. Palioselitis; G. E. Păvălaş; C. Perrina; P. Piattelli; V. Popa; T. Pradier; C. Racca; R. Richter; C. Rivière; A. Robert; K. Roensch; A. Rostovtsev; D. F. E. Samtleben; M. Sanguineti; P. Sapienza; J. Schmid; J. Schnabel; S. Schulte; F. Schüssler; T. Seitz; R. Shanidze; C. Sieger; F. Simeone; A. Spies; M. Spurio; J. J. M. Steijger; Th. Stolarczyk; A. Sánchez-Losa; M. Taiuti; C. Tamburini; Y. Tayalati; A. Trovato; B. Vallage; C. Vallée; V. Van Elewyck; P. Vernin; E. Visser; S. Wagner; J. Wilms; E. de Wolf; K. Yatkin; H. Yepes; J. D. Zornoza; J. Zúñiga

doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-013-2606-4

2022 Impact factor 4.4

Particles and Fields

Eur. Phys. J. C (2013) 73: 2606
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-013-2606-4

Regular Article - Experimental Physics

Measurement of the atmospheric ν _μ energy spectrum from 100 GeV to 200 TeV with the ANTARES telescope

S. Adrián-Martínez¹, A. Albert², I. Al Samarai³, M. André⁴, M. Anghinolfi⁵, G. Anton⁶, S. Anvar⁷, M. Ardid¹, T. Astraatmadja⁸, J.-J. Aubert³, B. Baret⁹, J. Barrios-Martí¹⁰, S. Basa¹¹, V. Bertin³, S. Biagi¹²^,13, C. Bigongiari¹⁰, C. Bogazzi⁸, B. Bouhou⁹, M. C. Bouwhuis⁸, R. Bruijn³⁰^,8, J. Brunner³, J. Busto³, A. Capone¹⁴^,15, L. Caramete¹⁶, C. Cârloganu¹⁷, J. Carr³, S. Cecchini¹², Z. Charif³, Ph. Charvis¹⁸, T. Chiarusi¹², M. Circella¹⁹, F. Classen⁶, L. Core³, H. Costantini³, P. Coyle³, A. Creusot⁹, C. Curtil³, I. Dekeyser²¹^,22, A. Deschamps¹⁸, G. De Bonis¹⁴^,15, M. P. Decowski³⁰^,8, C. Distefano²⁰, C. Donzaud²³^,9, D. Dornic³, Q. Dorosti²⁴, D. Drouhin², A. Dumas¹⁷, T. Eberl⁶, U. Emanuele¹⁰, A. Enzenhöfer⁶, J.-P. Ernenwein³, S. Escoffier³, K. Fehn⁶, P. Fermani¹⁴^,15, V. Flaminio²⁵^,26, F. Folger⁶, U. Fritsch⁶, L. A. Fusco¹²^,13^*, S. Galatà⁹, P. Gay¹⁷, S. Geißelsöder⁶, K. Geyer⁶, G. Giacomelli¹²^,13, V. Giordano³³, A. Gleixner⁶, J. P. Gómez-González¹⁰, K. Graf⁶, G. Guillard¹⁷, H. van Haren²⁷, A. J. Heijboer⁸, Y. Hello¹⁸, J. J. Hernández-Rey¹⁰, B. Herold⁶, J. Hößl⁶, C. W. James⁶, M. de Jong⁸, M. Kadler²⁸, O. Kalekin⁶, A. Kappes⁶, U. Katz⁶, P. Kooijman²⁹^,30^,8, A. Kouchner⁹, I. Kreykenbohm³¹, V. Kulikovskiy³²^,5, R. Lahmann⁶, E. Lambard³, G. Lambard¹⁰, G. Larosa¹, D. Lattuada²⁰, D. Lefèvre²¹^,22, E. Leonora³³^,34, D. Lo Presti³³^,34, H. Loehner²⁴, S. Loucatos³⁵, F. Louis⁷, S. Mangano¹⁰, M. Marcelin¹¹, A. Margiotta¹²^,13, J. A. Martínez-Mora¹, S. Martini²¹^,22, T. Michael⁸, T. Montaruli¹⁹^,36, M. Morganti²⁵, H. Motz⁶, C. Mueller³¹, M. Neff⁶, E. Nezri¹¹, D. Palioselitis⁸, G. E. Păvălaş¹⁶, C. Perrina¹⁴^,15, P. Piattelli²⁰, V. Popa¹⁶, T. Pradier³⁷, C. Racca², R. Richter⁶, C. Rivière³, A. Robert²¹^,22, K. Roensch⁶, A. Rostovtsev³⁸, D. F. E. Samtleben³⁹^,8, M. Sanguineti⁵, P. Sapienza²⁰, J. Schmid⁶, J. Schnabel⁶, S. Schulte⁸, F. Schüssler³⁵, T. Seitz⁶, R. Shanidze⁶, C. Sieger⁶, F. Simeone¹⁴^,15, A. Spies⁶, M. Spurio¹²^,13, J. J. M. Steijger⁸, Th. Stolarczyk³⁵, A. Sánchez-Losa¹⁰, M. Taiuti⁴⁰^,5, C. Tamburini²¹^,22, Y. Tayalati⁴¹, A. Trovato²⁰, B. Vallage³⁵, C. Vallée³, V. Van Elewyck⁹, P. Vernin³⁵, E. Visser⁸, S. Wagner⁶, J. Wilms³¹, E. de Wolf³⁰^,8, K. Yatkin³, H. Yepes¹⁰, J. D. Zornoza¹⁰ and J. Zúñiga¹⁰

¹ Institut d’Investigació per a la Gestió Integrada de les Zones Costaneres (IGIC), Universitat Politècnica de València, C/ Paranimf 1, 46730, Gandia, Spain
² GRPHE—Institut universitaire de technologie de Colmar, 34 rue du Grillenbreit, BP 50568, 68008, Colmar, France
³ CPPM, CNRS/IN2P3, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
⁴ Laboratory of Applied Bioacoustics, Technical University of Catalonia, Rambla Exposició, 08800, Vilanova i la Geltrú, Barcelona, Spain
⁵ INFN—Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146, Genova, Italy
⁶ Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
⁷ Direction des Sciences de la Matière—Institut de recherche sur les lois fondamentales de l’Univers—Service d’Electronique des Détecteurs et d’Informatique, CEA Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
⁸ Nikhef, Science Park, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
⁹ APC, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/IRFU, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75205, Paris, France
¹⁰ IFIC—Instituto de Física Corpuscular, Edificios Investigación de Paterna, CSIC—Universitat de València, Apdo. de Correos 22085, 46071, Valencia, Spain
¹¹ LAM—Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille, Pôle de l’Étoile Site de Château-Gombert, rue Frédéric Joliot-Curie 38, 13388, Marseille Cedex 13, France
¹² INFN—Sezione di Bologna, Viale Berti-Pichat 6/2, 40127, Bologna, Italy
¹³ Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127, Bologna, Italy
¹⁴ INFN—Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185, Roma, Italy
¹⁵ Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università La Sapienza, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185, Roma, Italy
¹⁶ Institute for Space Sciences, Măgurele, 77125, Bucharest, Romania
¹⁷ Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire, Clermont Université, BP 10448, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
¹⁸ Géoazur, CNRS/INSU, IRD, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, Université Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Sophia Antipolis, France
¹⁹ INFN—Sezione di Bari, Via E. Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
²⁰ INFN----Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS), Via S. Sofia 62, 95123, Catania, Italy
²¹ Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), Aix-Marseille University, 13288, Marseille Cedex 9, France
²² CNRS-INSU/IRD UM 110, Université du Sud Toulon-Var, 83957, La Garde Cedex, France
²³ Univ Paris-Sud, 91405, Orsay Cedex, France
²⁴ Kernfysisch Versneller Instituut (KVI), University of Groningen, Zernikelaan 25, 9747 AA, Groningen, The Netherlands
²⁵ INFN—Sezione di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127, Pisa, Italy
²⁶ Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127, Pisa, Italy
²⁷ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), Landsdiep 4, 1797 SZ, ’t Horntje (Texel), The Netherlands
²⁸ Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Universität Würzburg, Emil-Fischer Str. 31, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
²⁹ Faculteit Betawetenschappen, Universiteit Utrecht, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC, Utrecht, The Netherlands
³⁰ Instituut voor Hoge-Energie Fysica, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Science Park 105, 1098, XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
³¹ Dr. Remeis-Sternwarte and ECAP, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Sternwartstr. 7, 96049, Bamberg, Germany
³² Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, 119991, Moscow, Russia
³³ INFN—Sezione di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
³⁴ Dipartimento di Fisica ed Astronomia dell’Università, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
³⁵ Direction des Sciences de la Matière, Institut de recherche sur les lois fondamentales de l’Univers, Service de Physique des Particules, CEA Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
³⁶ Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
³⁷ IPHC-Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Université de Strasbourg et CNRS/IN2P3, 23 rue du Loess, BP 28, 67037, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
³⁸ ITEP—Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, B. Cheremushkinskaya 25, 117218, Moscow, Russia
³⁹ Leids Instituut voor Onderzoek in Natuurkunde, Universiteit Leiden, 2333 CA, Leiden, The Netherlands
⁴⁰ Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146, Genova, Italy
⁴¹ Laboratory of Physics of Matter and Radiations, University Mohammed I, B.P. 717, Oujda, 6000, Morocco

^* e-mail: lfusco@bo.infn.it

Received: 7 August 2013
Revised: 2 October 2013
Published online: 17 October 2013

Abstract

Atmospheric neutrinos are produced during cascades initiated by the interaction of primary cosmic rays with air nuclei. In this paper, a measurement of the atmospheric energy spectrum in the energy range 0.1–200 TeV is presented, using data collected by the ANTARES underwater neutrino telescope from 2008 to 2011. Overall, the measured flux is ∼25 % higher than predicted by the conventional neutrino flux, and compatible with the measurements reported in ice. The flux is compatible with a single power-law dependence with spectral index γ _meas=3.58±0.12. With the present statistics the contribution of prompt neutrinos cannot be established.