Eur. Phys. J. C (2011) 71: 1564
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-011-1564-y

Regular Article - Theoretical Physics

Meson screening masses from lattice QCD with two light quarks and one strange quark

¹ Physics Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
² Department of Theoretical Physics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, 400005, India
³ Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
⁴ Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
⁵ Physics Department, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
⁶ Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
⁷ Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, J.W. Goethe Universität Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
⁸ GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291, Darmstadt, Germany

^* e-mail: swagato@bnl.gov

Received: 11 October 2010
Revised: 13 January 2011
Published online: 23 February 2011

Abstract

We present results for screening masses of mesons built from light and strange quarks in the temperature range of approximately between 140 MeV to 800 MeV. The lattice computations were performed with 2+1 dynamical light and strange flavors of improved (p4) staggered fermions along a line of constant physics defined by a pion mass of about 220 MeV and a kaon mass of 500 MeV. The lattices had temporal extents N _τ =4, 6 and 8 and aspect ratios of N _s /N _τ ≥4. At least up to a temperature of 140 MeV the pseudo-scalar screening mass remains almost equal to the corresponding zero temperature pseudo-scalar (pole) mass. At temperatures around 3T _c (T _c being the transition temperature) the continuum extrapolated pseudo-scalar screening mass approaches very close to the free continuum result of 2πT from below. On the other hand, at high temperatures the vector screening mass turns out to be larger than the free continuum value of 2πT. The pseudo-scalar and the vector screening masses do not become degenerate even for a temperature as high as 4T _c . Using these mesonic spatial correlation functions we have also investigated the restoration of chiral symmetry and the effective restoration of the axial symmetry. We have found that the vector and the axial-vector screening correlators become degenerate, indicating chiral symmetry restoration, at a temperature which is consistent with the QCD transition temperature obtained in previous studies. On the other hand, the pseudo-scalar and the scalar screening correlators become degenerate only at temperatures larger than 1.3T _c , indicating that the effective restoration of the axial symmetry takes place at a temperature larger than the QCD transition temperature.