https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-15805-x
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Josephson effects in slowly rotating spacetimes
1
Namangan, Boburshokh 161, 160107, Namangan, Uzbekistan
2
Physics Department, School of Foundational Studies and Education, Mapúa University, 658 Muralla St., Intramuros, 1002, Manila, Philippines
3
Physics Department, Eastern Mediterranean University, Via Mersin 10, Famagusta, 99628, North Cyprus, Turkey
4
Institute for Advanced Studies, New Uzbekistan University, Movarounnahr str. 1, 100000, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
5
Institute of Theoretical Physics, National University of Uzbekistan, Movarounnahr Str. 1, 100174, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
6
School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
7
University of Tashkent for Applied Sciences, Gavhar Str. 1, 700127, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
8
Kimyo International University in Tashkent, Shota Rustaveli Street 156, 100121, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
a
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Received:
10
April
2026
Accepted:
5
May
2026
Published online:
1
June
2026
Abstract
We investigate Josephson phenomena in a slowly rotating, stationary spacetime, emphasizing the distinct roles of gravitational redshift and rotational frame-dragging, motivated by [10.1007/JHEP02(2026)006]. Using a covariant formulation based on gauge-invariant phase dynamics and conserved currents within a 
decomposition, we analyze both AC and DC Josephson effects and interferometric configurations. Restricting attention to linear order in the rotation parameter a, and working in the Eulerian/ZAMO frame, we show that in the slow-rotation slicing adopted here the lapse function agrees with its static (Schwarzschild-type) form up to 
, while rotational effects enter through the shift vector. Consequently, redshift effects on Josephson frequencies and DC critical currents remain unchanged relative to the non-rotating case at 
. The AC Josephson relation retains its redshifted structure when expressed in terms of proper voltages and reduces to the standard flat-spacetime form when formulated in terms of asymptotic (Killing-time) observables. Likewise, the DC critical current measured at infinity scales with a single power of the lapse function and is unaffected by rotation at linear order in the absence of azimuthal condensate momentum. Rotational effects become relevant only in configurations that are sensitive to spatial phase transport or to synchronization with the global time coordinate. In particular, RF-driven interferometric setups can acquire Sagnac-type phase offsets associated with frame dragging, whereas the DC fluxoid constraint remains unshifted at linear order in the present approximation. Our results provide a clean separation between lapse-driven redshift effects and shift-driven rotational contributions in Josephson physics and furnish a consistent framework for superconducting circuits in stationary spacetimes.
© The Author(s) 2026
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