https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-15577-4
Regular Article - Experimental Physics
Determination of parton densities for QCD partons and electroweak bosons
1
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
2
Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
3
Elementary Particle Physics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
a
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Received:
20
November
2025
Accepted:
17
March
2026
Published online:
2
May
2026
Abstract
Parton densities are obtained from a solution of the extended DGLAP-type evolution equation that includes both QCD and electroweak contributions. The equations are solved using the Parton-Branching (PB) approach, and the evolution is performed at next-to-leading order for QCD partons and leading order for electroweak bosons. The initial QCD parton distributions are fitted to HERA deep inelastic scattering data, while photon and weak-boson densities are generated perturbatively and validated against 
. The resulting collinear and transverse-momentum dependent (TMD) densities are provided in LHApdf and TMDlib formats for direct phenomenological use.
© The Author(s) 2026
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