https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-15551-0
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Quantum suppression of mass inflation in Reissner–Nordström interiors via Wheeler–DeWitt equation
1
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Masaryk University, 601 77, Brno, Czech Republic
2
Department of Physics Education, Pusan National University, 46241, Busan, Republic of Korea
3
Department of Science Education, Jeju National University, 63243, Jeju, Republic of Korea
4
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, N2L 3G1, Waterloo, ON, Canada
5
Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics, National Taiwan University, 10617, Taipei, Taiwan
a
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Received:
1
December
2025
Accepted:
10
March
2026
Published online:
3
April
2026
Abstract
We construct a canonical quantization, the Wheeler–DeWitt equation, of the interior geometry of static and spherically symmetric black holes in Einstein–Maxwell-
framework, focusing on Reissner–Nordström. The wave function of the Wheeler–DeWitt equation for the Reissner–Nordström black hole is set to be on-shell and exhibiting exponential damping away from the classical locus. Horizon boundary conditions for the wave function generate two regimes: a single inward mode from event horizon yields monotonic decay, while superpositions produce either a quantum bounce (single time arrow) or interference-driven “annihilation-to-nothing” (two time arrows). We show that these are generic features of static black hole interiors. Furthermore, the wave function of the Schwarzschild black hole, obtained as the charge-neutral limit of the Reissner–Nordström black hole, is monotonically decaying and no longer unbounded. Moreover, this framework unifies classical and quantum interiors, suggests a quantum gravitational suppression to the mass inflation, and motivates extensions to Kerr and regular black holes.
© The Author(s) 2026
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